Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in the Workplace of the National Electricity Company in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic respiratory conditions, diabetes, cancer, and musculoskeletal disorders are multifactorial and disabling diseases. They have become a real burden globally [1-5]. Indeed, metabolic syndrome is a warning sign of a serious health problem in the workplace. It witnesses the significantly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease-causing disability, reduced production, and premature death. Aims: To identify the factors associated with the metabolic syndrome in SNEL workers in the city of Kinshasa. Methods: longitudinal study for analytical purposes carried out among agents of an electricity company in the city of Kinshasa. The data collection was based on a questionnaire, a clinical examination, and a laboratory assessment. Results: 92 agents responded to the summons, or 65.5%. The risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in SNEL employees before the procedure are: sex (OR=9.9), marital status (OR=0.24), function, tobacco consumption (OR=1.23). , history of arterial hypertension (HBP) (OR=1.29), history of CVD (OR=0.59) and history of type 2 diabetes (T2D), (OR=0.01), healthy diet (OR=26.5), quality of life (OR=1.3) and recreational physical activity (APL) (OR=1.28). After the intervention, it emerges from the same table that the RF associated with the metabolic syndrome in SNEL employees are: age (OR=0.48), level of study (OR=3.09), function (OR=3.09), sedentary lifestyle (OR=0.445), tobacco (OR=0.21), alcohol (OR=0.20), history of hypertension (OR=0.33) , history of CVD (OR=0.26), Quality of life (OR= 9.87),healthy diet (OR=1.9). and APL (OR=1.7). Conclusion: This study made it possible to objectify the extent of the metabolic syndrome and the associated RFs. He witnesses the significantly increased risk of developing NCDs in sedentary workers with an impaired quality of life. These results call for the urgent implementation of targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies for the metabolic syndrome in order to combat the emergence of chronic and non-communicable diseases.