Contribution to Pharmacological Valorisation of Algerian Arctium Minus (Hill) Bernh. Subsp. Atlanticum (Pomel) Maire; Antioxidant and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities.

The traditional pharmacopoeia is full of potential resources for molecules with therapeutic effects involving the inhibition of enzymes linked to some diseases. This work aimed to test invitro the neuroprotective activity against Alzheimer's disease (AD) combined with the antioxidant effect of root extracts obtained by water, water / methanol and ethyl acetate of the endemic Arctium minus. subsp. atlanticum. native of Algeria. The different extracts of the root of the studied plant were obtained by decoction or maceration. The inhibitory effect of acetyl / butyryl cholinesterase (AChE/BChE) was achieved by a colorimetric method. Similarly, the antioxidant activity was measured, based on several mechanisms: 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and galvinoxyl (GOR) radicals free scavenging assays, β-carotene bleaching inhibition activity, and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). In the various tests carried out, the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) possessed the most powerful antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities in comparison with the other samples. The IC50 and A0.5 values of DPPH, GOR, β-carotene, CUPRAC, anti-AChE and anti BChE assays were 69.45±5.49, 28.87±0.18, 121.58±16.76, 37.41±1.59, 265±21 and 240±6.3 µg / mL, respectively. Likewise, a correlation can be deduced between the type of extract and the potent antioxidant / anticholinesterase potential. This work evokes for the first time the anticholinesterase potential combined with the antioxidant effect of Algerian Arctium minus. subsp. atlanticum. This association between the two effects could be effective in the fight against AD and therefore, the use of this natural resource may be possible in combating this aspect of neurodegeneration.