From Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test and Cardiopulmonary Coupling to NewTheory of Holistic Integrative Physiology and Medicine

The Holistic Integrative Physiology and Medicine (HIPM), which was firstly purposed by Xing-Guo Sun since 2011 at APS conference, is a brand-new concept of physiology and medicine for human being. It originated from the philosophy of traditional Chinese and Western medicine and culture. It steps upon the coupling ideas of systems, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by Yuan-Chang Wang and Kouwenhoven, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) by Karlman Wasserman and cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) and integrated physiology. HIPM’s concept is always combining not only “Holistic” but “Integrative” (rather than integrated), not only time but space, not only normal (i.e. physiology) but abnormal (i.e. pathophysiology and medicine) for human physiology and medicine: only one inseparable set in whole contenting the all functional systems and their control and regulation in human being are internally integrative altogether, rather than the integrated one-by-one system of two or more systems as integrative physiology in systemic physiology. HIPM approaches the mechanism of neurohumoral control and regulation with the integration of all systems in the human body. We described the rough constructural frame of HIPM theory and clearly explained many unique questions in physiological and medical and pathophysiological mechanism of patients with chronic diseases (CDs). With HIPM, we can widely apply the methods of CPET, CPC and continuous functional monitoring for accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis, evaluation, training, treatment, rehabilitation, prognosis and prevention in clinical medicine. We also can accurately and quantitatively manage CDs and do initial successful practice of integration of optimized traditional therapy, rehabilitation, health care and management, eating, drinking, exercise, sleep and lifestyle modification in China. The implementation and popularization of HIPM has the excellent opportunity and prospect. HIPM is the future of human physiology and medicine.