Definition of Mucosal Breaks in the Era of Magnifying Endoscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging

Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease is diagnosed endoscopically based on the presence of mucosal breaks. However, mucosal breaks can be judged differently depending on the endoscopist, even in the same image. We investigated how narrow-band imaging (NBI) and magnified endoscopy affect the judgment of mucosal breaks. Methods A total of 43 consecutive patients were enrolled who had suspected mucosal breaks on white-light images (WLI) and underwent nonmagnified NBI (N-NBI) and magnified NBI (M-NBI) by a single endoscopist. From WLI, N-NBI, and M-NBI, 129 image files were created. Eight endoscopists reviewed the image files and judged the presence of mucosal breaks. Results The 8 endoscopists determined mucosal breaks were present in 79.4 ± 9.5% (67.4%–93.0%) on WLI, and 76.7 ± 12.7% (53.5%–90.7%) on N-NBI. However, the percentage of mucosal breaks on M-NBI was significantly lower at 48.8 ± 17.0% (18.6%–65.1%) (p < 0.05). Intraclass correlation between observers was 0.864 (95% CI 0.793–0.918) for WLI and 0.863 (95% CI 0.791–0.917) for N-NBI but was lower for M-NBI at 0.758 (95% CI 0.631–0.854). Conclusion Rates of detection and agreement for mucosal breaks on WLI and N-NBI were high among endoscopists. However, these rates were lower on M-NBI.