分组或不分组:印度孔雀种群的群体大小动态和肠道寄生虫

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Priyanka Dange, Pranav Mhaisalkar, Dhanashree Paranjpe
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引用次数: 2

摘要

动物形成群体的原因多种多样,包括躲避捕食者、获得潜在配偶以及获得非亲代照顾的好处。然而,在一个群体中生活是有代价的,例如与群体中的其他成员竞争食物和/或配偶,更高的疾病传播机会等。群体大小动态可以随着个体周围的生物和非生物环境而变化。在本研究中,我们在季节和食物供应的背景下探索了印度孔雀(Pavo cristatus)群体大小动态与肠道寄生虫之间的联系。在三个野外站点(Morachi Chincholi、Nashik和Rajasthan)收集了三个季节(季风前、季风和季风后)的群体规模数据。记录了孔雀的个体和群体的目击情况,以及群体的大小和组成。雄性、雌性、成虫、幼虫和亚成虫)。在相同的三个季节,在相同的野外地点,从食物供应区和非供应区收集粪便样本。用显微镜检查定量样品中的寄生虫载量。与季风和季风后季节相比,季风前季节的群体规模显著增加。与季风前季节相比,季风期和季风后季节肠道寄生虫患病率和负荷较高。因此,印度孔雀的群体规模和肠道寄生虫在不同季节呈反比关系。提供食物的地点与不提供食物的地点相比,寄生虫的负荷明显更大,而寄生虫的流行率是相当的。食物供应地点的个体聚集可能影响印度孔雀的寄生虫传播和群体大小动态。总之,印度孔雀在行为上具有可塑性,社会群体的分裂融合可能使它们能够应对不同季节的捕食和寄生虫传播等生态压力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

To group or not to group: group size dynamics and intestinal parasites in Indian peafowl populations

To group or not to group: group size dynamics and intestinal parasites in Indian peafowl populations

Animals can form groups for various reasons including safety from predators, access to potential mates and benefits of allo-parental care. However, there are costs associated with living in a group such as competition for food and/or mates with other members of the group, higher chances of disease transmission, etc. Group size dynamics can change with the biotic and abiotic environment around individuals. In the current study, we explored the links between group size dynamics and intestinal parasites of Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in the context of seasons and food provisioning. Data for group size was collected across three seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon) at three field sites (Morachi Chincholi, Nashik and Rajasthan). Individual and group sightings of peafowl were noted down along with group size and composition (no. of males, females, adults, juveniles and sub-adults). Faecal samples were collected from food provision and non-provision areas across the same three seasons at same field sites. Parasite load in the samples was quantified using microscopic examination. Group size was significantly higher in pre-monsoon season as compared with monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Monsoon and post-monsoon seasons had higher intestinal parasite prevalence and load as compared with pre-monsoon season. Thus, group size and intestinal parasites of Indian peafowl have an inverse relationship across seasons. Parasite load was significantly greater at food provision sites as compared with non-provision sites while parasite prevalence was comparable. Aggregation of individuals at the food provision sites may influence the parasite transmission and group-size dynamics in Indian peafowl. In conclusion, Indian peafowl are behaviourally plastic and fission-fusion of social groups may allow them to tackle ecological pressures such as predation and parasite transmission in different seasons.

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来源期刊
acta ethologica
acta ethologica 生物-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: acta ethologica publishes empirical and theoretical research papers, short communications, commentaries, reviews and book reviews as well as methods papers in the field of ethology and related disciplines, with a strong concentration on the behavior biology of humans and other animals. The journal places special emphasis on studies integrating proximate (mechanisms, development) and ultimate (function, evolution) levels in the analysis of behavior. Aspects of particular interest include: adaptive plasticity of behavior, inter-individual and geographic variations in behavior, mechanisms underlying behavior, evolutionary processes and functions of behavior, and many other topics. acta ethologica is an official journal of ISPA, CRL and the Portuguese Ethological Society (SPE)
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