{"title":"散发性贾第鞭毛虫病的危险因素:系统综述和荟萃分析","authors":"Anne Thébault , Loic Favennec , Pauline Kooh , Vasco Cadavez , Ursula Gonzales-Barron , Isabelle Villena","doi":"10.1016/j.mran.2020.100158","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Giardia duodenalis</em> is an important source of gastroenteritis worldwide. Endemic cases have been described in developing and industrialized countries. We analyzed risk factors for sporadic giardiasis by a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the literature. From 72 studies, contact with an infected person, lack of personal hygiene, and attending a child daycare center were identified as risk factors in children and adults.</p><p>Feco-oral transmission was significantly associated with exposure to human sewage/waste water, untreated drinking water and recreational waters. Travel abroad was a risk factor in industrialized countries. No handwashing before eating or preparing food, eating unwashed vegetables, or composite food were significant risk factors. Breastfeeding was a protective factor in developing countries. Interestingly, contact with pets was found as a significant risk factor in children in this meta-analysis. This could be explored in future studies with the comparison of the <em>Giardia</em> assemblage isolated from humans and pets. In the future, it would be interesting to investigate more precisely the type of water, vegetable, and whenever possible the method of preparation/treatment. Environmental and epidemiological investigations of specific risk factors by assemblages and types of <em>Giardia</em> spp. should be further studied. Finally, host factors in relationship with the severity and sequelae of giardiasis deserve future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48593,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Risk Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mran.2020.100158","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Risk factors for sporadic giardiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis\",\"authors\":\"Anne Thébault , Loic Favennec , Pauline Kooh , Vasco Cadavez , Ursula Gonzales-Barron , Isabelle Villena\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.mran.2020.100158\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p><em>Giardia duodenalis</em> is an important source of gastroenteritis worldwide. Endemic cases have been described in developing and industrialized countries. We analyzed risk factors for sporadic giardiasis by a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the literature. From 72 studies, contact with an infected person, lack of personal hygiene, and attending a child daycare center were identified as risk factors in children and adults.</p><p>Feco-oral transmission was significantly associated with exposure to human sewage/waste water, untreated drinking water and recreational waters. Travel abroad was a risk factor in industrialized countries. No handwashing before eating or preparing food, eating unwashed vegetables, or composite food were significant risk factors. Breastfeeding was a protective factor in developing countries. Interestingly, contact with pets was found as a significant risk factor in children in this meta-analysis. This could be explored in future studies with the comparison of the <em>Giardia</em> assemblage isolated from humans and pets. In the future, it would be interesting to investigate more precisely the type of water, vegetable, and whenever possible the method of preparation/treatment. Environmental and epidemiological investigations of specific risk factors by assemblages and types of <em>Giardia</em> spp. should be further studied. Finally, host factors in relationship with the severity and sequelae of giardiasis deserve future research.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48593,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Microbial Risk Analysis\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mran.2020.100158\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Microbial Risk Analysis\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352352220300645\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microbial Risk Analysis","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352352220300645","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Risk factors for sporadic giardiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Giardia duodenalis is an important source of gastroenteritis worldwide. Endemic cases have been described in developing and industrialized countries. We analyzed risk factors for sporadic giardiasis by a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the literature. From 72 studies, contact with an infected person, lack of personal hygiene, and attending a child daycare center were identified as risk factors in children and adults.
Feco-oral transmission was significantly associated with exposure to human sewage/waste water, untreated drinking water and recreational waters. Travel abroad was a risk factor in industrialized countries. No handwashing before eating or preparing food, eating unwashed vegetables, or composite food were significant risk factors. Breastfeeding was a protective factor in developing countries. Interestingly, contact with pets was found as a significant risk factor in children in this meta-analysis. This could be explored in future studies with the comparison of the Giardia assemblage isolated from humans and pets. In the future, it would be interesting to investigate more precisely the type of water, vegetable, and whenever possible the method of preparation/treatment. Environmental and epidemiological investigations of specific risk factors by assemblages and types of Giardia spp. should be further studied. Finally, host factors in relationship with the severity and sequelae of giardiasis deserve future research.
期刊介绍:
The journal Microbial Risk Analysis accepts articles dealing with the study of risk analysis applied to microbial hazards. Manuscripts should at least cover any of the components of risk assessment (risk characterization, exposure assessment, etc.), risk management and/or risk communication in any microbiology field (clinical, environmental, food, veterinary, etc.). This journal also accepts article dealing with predictive microbiology, quantitative microbial ecology, mathematical modeling, risk studies applied to microbial ecology, quantitative microbiology for epidemiological studies, statistical methods applied to microbiology, and laws and regulatory policies aimed at lessening the risk of microbial hazards. Work focusing on risk studies of viruses, parasites, microbial toxins, antimicrobial resistant organisms, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and recombinant DNA products are also acceptable.