Current Limitations And The Future Promise Of Stem Cell-Derived Organoids In Renal Cell Carcinoma Treatment

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of urogenital cancer and is currently ranked as the sixth most common cancer among men and tenth among women. RCC is most often detected incidentally in individuals between the ages of 60 and 70 and possesses a high degree of heterogeneity with an extremely high risk of metastasis. Recently, the disease has become known to encompass differing histological subtypes and unique genetic and molecular modifications, even further complicating treatment options. The progression of the disease can affect the digestive, skeletal, circulatory, immune, nervous, and reproductive systems causing a wide range of symptoms including cough, chest and bone pain, nausea, shortness of breath, fever, seizures, and more. Due to the prevalence of unsuccessful