微管蛋白密码,从分子到健康和疾病。

IF 11.4 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Elizabeth D McKenna, Stephanie L Sarbanes, Steven W Cummings, Antonina Roll-Mecak
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引用次数: 1

摘要

微管是由α/β-微管蛋白异二聚体组成的重要的动态聚合物。它们支持细胞内运输、细胞分裂、细胞运动和其他重要的细胞过程。在许多物种中,α-微管蛋白和β-微管蛋白都由具有不同表达谱和功能的多个基因编码。微管通过大量的翻译后修饰进一步多样化,这些修饰通过一套酶添加和去除,形成复杂的定型细胞阵列。微管蛋白的遗传和化学多样性构成了一个微管蛋白密码,该密码调节固有的微管特性,并被细胞效应物(如分子马达和微管相关蛋白)读取,为细胞中的微管提供空间和时间特异性。在这篇综述中,我们综合了快速扩展的微管蛋白编码文献,并强调了该领域的局限性和机遇。由于复杂的微管阵列是基本生理过程的基础,更好地了解细胞如何利用微管蛋白编码对从癌症到神经系统疾病等人类疾病具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Tubulin Code, from Molecules to Health and Disease.

Microtubules are essential dynamic polymers composed of α/β-tubulin heterodimers. They support intracellular trafficking, cell division, cellular motility, and other essential cellular processes. In many species, both α-tubulin and β-tubulin are encoded by multiple genes with distinct expression profiles and functionality. Microtubules are further diversified through abundant posttranslational modifications, which are added and removed by a suite of enzymes to form complex, stereotyped cellular arrays. The genetic and chemical diversity of tubulin constitute a tubulin code that regulates intrinsic microtubule properties and is read by cellular effectors, such as molecular motors and microtubule-associated proteins, to provide spatial and temporal specificity to microtubules in cells. In this review, we synthesize the rapidly expanding tubulin code literature and highlight limitations and opportunities for the field. As complex microtubule arrays underlie essential physiological processes, a better understanding of how cells employ the tubulin code has important implications for human disease ranging from cancer to neurological disorders.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, established in 1985, comprehensively addresses major advancements in cell and developmental biology. Encompassing the structure, function, and organization of cells, as well as the development and evolution of cells in relation to both single and multicellular organisms, the journal explores models and tools of molecular biology. As of the current volume, the journal has transitioned from gated to open access through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program, making all articles published under a CC BY license.
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