将橡胶纳入零毁林立法是必要的,但不足以减少对生物多样性的影响

IF 7.7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Eleanor Warren-Thomas, Antje Ahrends, Yunxia Wang, Maria M. H. Wang, Julia P. G. Jones
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引用次数: 1

摘要

农业商品生产是热带森林砍伐和生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素。巴西橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)的天然橡胶是一种没有可行替代品的宝贵商品,最近被纳入了欧盟(EU)的森林砍伐法规,该法规旨在停止进口含有嵌入式森林砍伐的商品。橡胶需求的持续增长是由轮胎产量的增加推动的,这是由运输流量和个人汽车保有量的增加引起的。我们表明,天然橡胶的平均产量保持不变,这意味着到2030年可能需要270万至530万公顷的额外种植园来满足需求。一项系统的文献检索确定了106个关于橡胶过渡和从橡胶过渡的案例研究,表明自2010年以来,橡胶种植面积的大幅扩张是以牺牲天然林为代价的。消除橡胶供应链中的森林砍伐需要支持数百万小农户在不造成土地或水退化的情况下维持或增加现有种植园的产量。供应链可追溯性工作提供了提供此类支持的机会。虽然将橡胶纳入欧盟立法是一个积极的步骤,但至关重要的是要确保小农户不会被边缘化,以避免加剧贫困,其他市场也要效仿,以避免橡胶驱动的森林砍伐转移到不受监管的市场。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Rubber's inclusion in zero-deforestation legislation is necessary but not sufficient to reduce impacts on biodiversity

Rubber's inclusion in zero-deforestation legislation is necessary but not sufficient to reduce impacts on biodiversity

Agricultural commodity production is a major driver of tropical deforestation and biodiversity loss. Natural rubber from Hevea brasiliensis, a valuable commodity without viable substitutes, has recently been included in the European Union (EU) deforestation regulation that aims to halt imports of goods containing embedded deforestation. Sustained growth in demand for rubber is driven by increasing tire production, caused by rising transport flows and personal car ownership. We show that average natural rubber yields remain static, meaning 2.7–5.3 million ha of additional plantations could be needed by 2030 to meet demand. A systematic literature search identified 106 case studies concerning transitions to and from rubber, revealing that substantial rubber plantation area expansion since 2010 has occurred at the expense of natural forest. Eliminating deforestation from rubber supply chains requires support for millions of smallholder growers to maintain or increase production from existing plantations, without land or water degradation. Supply chain traceability efforts offer opportunities to deliver such support. While the inclusion of rubber in EU legislation is a positive step, it is critical to ensure that smallholders are not marginalized to avoid exacerbating poverty, and that other markets follow suit to avoid displacement of rubber-driven deforestation to unregulated markets.

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来源期刊
Conservation Letters
Conservation Letters BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-
CiteScore
13.50
自引率
2.40%
发文量
70
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Conservation Letters is a reputable scientific journal that is devoted to the publication of both empirical and theoretical research that has important implications for the conservation of biological diversity. The journal warmly invites submissions from various disciplines within the biological and social sciences, with a particular interest in interdisciplinary work. The primary aim is to advance both pragmatic conservation objectives and scientific knowledge. Manuscripts are subject to a rapid communication schedule, therefore they should address current and relevant topics. Research articles should effectively communicate the significance of their findings in relation to conservation policy and practice.
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