Liquid Droplets as Emerging Biomaterials

L droplets, formed through noncovalent interactions of small molecules or macromolecules, have revolutionized our understanding of cellular organization and function since the discovery of biomolecular condensates in the cellular realm. These liquid droplets are generated via liquid−liquid phase separation (LLPS), referring to the spontaneous separation of (macro)molecules in distinct concentrated and diluted liquid phases driven by weak noncovalent interactions, such as electrostatic, π−π, cation−π, and hydrophobic interactions (Figure 1A). The reversible nature of these