虐待程度越严重,大脑体积越小,这对幼儿的智力有影响。

IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
Judith Joseph , Claudia Buss , Andrea Knop , Karin de Punder , Sibylle M. Winter , Birgit Spors , Elisabeth Binder , John-Dylan Haynes , Christine Heim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:儿童时期的虐待严重改变了大脑发育的轨迹,导致长期健康风险显著增加,智力发育受损。然而,目前尚不清楚虐待对儿童大脑发育的直接影响,以及有虐待经历的儿童的整体大脑容量变化在多大程度上促进了智力发育。在这里,我们利用从暴露于虐待后6个月内的儿童身上获得的MRI数据来评估虐待严重程度与整体脑容量变化的关系。我们进一步评估了虐待严重程度与智力发展之间的关系,并测试了脑容量对这种关系的中介作用。方法:我们对49名3-5岁的虐待儿童(即6个月内的情感和身体虐待和/或忽视)进行了结构MRI(3T),以表征颅内和组织特异性体积。使用母亲访谈法对虐待行为的严重程度进行编码。在研究开始时和一年后使用Snijders-Oomen非言语测试对IQ进行了测试,研究开始时,灰质体积越小,智商越低(r=-0.548,p=0.004)。观察到的相关性与潜在的混杂变量无关,包括身高、社会经济地位、年龄和性别。重要性:我们提供的证据表明,儿童早期虐待的严重程度越高,与很小的时候大脑体积越小有关,这对智力产生了重大影响,可能会导致深远的长期不利影响。迫切需要深入了解虐待对大脑结构和功能影响的分子和神经过程,以获得早期干预的机制驱动目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Greater maltreatment severity is associated with smaller brain volume with implication for intellectual ability in young children

Greater maltreatment severity is associated with smaller brain volume with implication for intellectual ability in young children

Background

Childhood maltreatment profoundly alters trajectories of brain development, promoting markedly increased long-term health risks and impaired intellectual development. However, the immediate impact of maltreatment on brain development in children and the extent to which altered global brain volume contributes to intellectual development in children with maltreatment experience is currently unknown. We here utilized MRI data obtained from children within 6 months after the exposure to maltreatment to assess the association of maltreatment severity with global brain volume changes. We further assessed the association between maltreatment severity and intellectual development and tested for the mediating effect of brain volume on this association.

Method

We used structural MRI (3T) in a sample of 49 children aged 3–5 years with maltreatment exposure, i.e. emotional and physical abuse and/or neglect within 6 months, to characterize intracranial and tissue-specific volumes. Maltreatment severity was coded using the Maternal Interview for the Classification of Maltreatment. IQ was tested at study entry and after one year using the Snijders Oomen Nonverbal Test.

Results

Higher maltreatment severity was significantly correlated with smaller intracranial volume (r = -.393, p = .008), which was mainly driven by lower total brain volume (r = -.393, p = .008), which in turn was primarily due to smaller gray matter volume (r = -.454, p = .002). Furthermore, smaller gray matter volume was associated with lower IQ at study entry (r = -.548, p < .001) and predicted IQ one year later (r = -.493, p = .004). The observed associations were independent of potential confounding variables, including height, socioeconomic status, age and sex.

Importance

We provide evidence that greater maltreatment severity in early childhood is related to smaller brain size at a very young age with significant consequences for intellectual ability, likely setting a path for far-reaching long-term disadvantages. Insights into the molecular and neural processes that underlie the impact of maltreatment on brain structure and function are urgently needed to derive mechanism-driven targets for early intervention.

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来源期刊
Neurobiology of Stress
Neurobiology of Stress Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
4.00%
发文量
74
审稿时长
48 days
期刊介绍: Neurobiology of Stress is a multidisciplinary journal for the publication of original research and review articles on basic, translational and clinical research into stress and related disorders. It will focus on the impact of stress on the brain from cellular to behavioral functions and stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (such as depression, trauma and anxiety). The translation of basic research findings into real-world applications will be a key aim of the journal. Basic, translational and clinical research on the following topics as they relate to stress will be covered: Molecular substrates and cell signaling, Genetics and epigenetics, Stress circuitry, Structural and physiological plasticity, Developmental Aspects, Laboratory models of stress, Neuroinflammation and pathology, Memory and Cognition, Motivational Processes, Fear and Anxiety, Stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (including depression, PTSD, substance abuse), Neuropsychopharmacology.
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