外场和自由（2+1）-空间中石墨烯电子的Foldy–Wouthuysen变换和结构态

IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS

Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI:10.1134/S1547477123050680

A. J. Silenko

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引用次数: 0

摘要

相对论性的Foldy–Wouthuysen变换用于对自由和相互作用的平面石墨烯电子的高级描述。导出了石墨烯电子在均匀和非均匀磁场中的确切Foldy–Wouthuysen哈密顿量。得到了与实验数据一致的精确能谱和精确的Foldy–Wouthuysen波本征函数。这些本征函数描述了（2+1）-空间中的结构态。证明了埃尔米特-高斯光束甚至存在于自由空间中。在结构埃尔米特-高斯态中，石墨烯电子获得依赖于量子数的非零有效质量，并以低于费米速度的群速度移动。

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Foldy–Wouthuysen Transformation and Structured States of a Graphene Electron in External Fields and Free (2 + 1)-Space

The relativistic Foldy–Wouthuysen transformation is used for an advanced description of a free and interacting planar graphene electron. The exact Foldy–Wouthuysen Hamiltonian of a graphene electron in a uniform and a nonuniform magnetic field is derived. The exact energy spectrum agreeing with experimental data and exact Foldy–Wouthuysen wave eigenfunctions are obtained. These eigenfunctions describe structured states in (2 + 1)-space. It is proven that the Hermite–Gauss beams exist even in the free space. In the structured Hermite–Gauss states, graphene electrons acquire nonzero effective masses dependent on a quantum number and move with group velocities which are less than the Fermi velocity.

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来源期刊

Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS-

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

20.00%

发文量

108

期刊介绍： The journal Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, brief name Particles and Nuclei Letters, publishes the articles with results of the original theoretical, experimental, scientific-technical, methodological and applied research. Subject matter of articles covers: theoretical physics, elementary particle physics, relativistic nuclear physics, nuclear physics and related problems in other branches of physics, neutron physics, condensed matter physics, physics and engineering at low temperatures, physics and engineering of accelerators, physical experimental instruments and methods, physical computation experiments, applied research in these branches of physics and radiology, ecology and nuclear medicine.