基于事故数据库和脆弱性模型的危险品运输安全路线选择风险评估框架

IF 2.9 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Nishat Tasnim, Mohammed Tahmid, Nusrat Jahan and Sultana Razia Syeda*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

涉及危险品(危险品)运输的事故可能导致运输路线上的人员伤亡和财产损失。因此,必须采用和实施一个决策者/政策制定者能够轻易采用的风险评估和管理框架。本文提出了一个定量风险评估(QRA)框架,利用事故数据库和人类脆弱性模型来选择危险材料运输的最安全路线。使用相关事故研究的统计模型来确定不同道路几何特征对事故的增强/减轻作用,然后将其应用于从可用数据库中得出的数据,以确定事故频率。使用ALOHA和脆弱性模型评估人类事故的后果,同时通过结合事故频率和后果来确定风险。所提出的方法已应用于案例研究,以评估孟加拉国两条不同路线上液化石油气运输的相对风险,并确定更安全的路线。已经对一些减少风险措施的有效性进行了评估,以管理风险,风险评估的结果已在地理地图上进行了空间展示。该地图将帮助决策者做出路线决策,确定风险最大的路线路段,以便在紧急情况下采取适当的应急行动并分配医疗和支持服务。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Risk Assessment Framework for Selecting the Safer Route for Hazmat Transportation Based on Accident Database and Vulnerability Models

Risk Assessment Framework for Selecting the Safer Route for Hazmat Transportation Based on Accident Database and Vulnerability Models

Accidents involving the transportation of hazardous materials (hazmats) may cause fatalities, injuries, and property damage along the transport route. It is thus imperative to adopt and implement a risk assessment and management framework that can be easily employed by decision/policymakers. This paper presents a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) framework to select the safest route for the transport of hazardous materials utilizing an accident database and human vulnerability models. Statistical models from relevant accident studies are used to determine the accident enhancing/mitigating contributions of different road geometrical features, which are then applied to data derived from an available database to determine accident frequencies. Consequences of accidents with humans are assessed using ALOHA and vulnerability models, while the risk is determined by combining both accident frequencies and consequences. The proposed method has been applied in a case study to assess the relative risks involved in LPG transportation along two different routes in Bangladesh and to identify the safer route. The effectiveness of a number of risk reduction measures has been assessed to manage risks, and the results of the risk assessment have been spatially presented on a geographical map. This map will help decision makers to make routing decisions and identify route sections that are most at risk to take appropriate emergency response actions and allocate medical and support services during emergencies.

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来源期刊
ACS Chemical Health & Safety
ACS Chemical Health & Safety PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
20.00%
发文量
63
期刊介绍: The Journal of Chemical Health and Safety focuses on news, information, and ideas relating to issues and advances in chemical health and safety. The Journal of Chemical Health and Safety covers up-to-the minute, in-depth views of safety issues ranging from OSHA and EPA regulations to the safe handling of hazardous waste, from the latest innovations in effective chemical hygiene practices to the courts'' most recent rulings on safety-related lawsuits. The Journal of Chemical Health and Safety presents real-world information that health, safety and environmental professionals and others responsible for the safety of their workplaces can put to use right away, identifying potential and developing safety concerns before they do real harm.
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