Effect of tetracycline on IL-1β and IL-6 levels of the peri-implant sulcular fluid.

Background: Inflammation in the implant-abutment interface is one of the main factors that can reduce implant stability. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of chlorhexidine, tetracycline, saliva, and a dry environment on the interleukin IL-1β and interleukin IL-6 levels of the gingival groove fluid at the implant-abutment interface.

Methods: Twenty-four (10 men and 14 women) patients referred to the Faculty of Dentistry for implant treatment, who met the inclusion criteria, were examined. Four different materials were used in each implant, including 2% chlorhexidine, 3% tetracycline, saliva, and a dry medium. Each test material was placed inside the implant screw during the anchorage session, and the healing screw was closed. Patients were then sampled in three implantation sessions and one month after prosthesis delivery. Interstitial fluid groove was used for sampling after cleaning the mouth (half an hour after three minutes of thorough brushing). The data were analyzed with SPSS 20 using ANOVA and relevant post hoc tests.

Results: There was a significant difference in the mean IL-6 and IL-1β levels between the four materials (P<0.05). IL-6β levels were similar in tetracycline and chlorhexidine but significantly higher than in saliva and the dry environment (P<0.05). IL-6 and IL-1β levels in the saliva were significantly higher than in the dry environment (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The use of tetracycline at the junction of implant and abutment reduces the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β.