{"title":"奶牛和小牛的临终决策:对英国农场主和兽医的调查。","authors":"Joseph M Neary, Cherry Bedford, Robert F Smith","doi":"10.1002/vro2.51","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aim was to characterise issues faced by farmers and veterinary surgeons when making end-of-life decisions for dairy cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Online surveys were distributed to British dairy farmers and veterinary surgeons for 20 weeks from November 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 83 responses (37 farmers, 46 veterinary surgeons). Among youngstock, the risk of unassisted/natural death (2.6% ± 0.3%) was almost double the risk of euthanasia (1.4% ± 0.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.003). The opposite, however, was true in the milking herd: the risk of euthanasia (2.3% ± 0.3%) was greater than unassisted/natural death (1.6% ± 0.2%; <i>p</i> = 0.05). A fallen stock collector (62%) typically performed euthanasia and most farms (66%) did not have anyone trained to perform euthanasia. Most deaths within the milking herd were attributed to 'unknown or not recorded' (median 15% of deaths). The factors that farmers most frequently reported as strongly influencing their decision of when to euthanase an animal relative to the onset of disease were 'failure to respond to treatment' (89%), 'veterinary advice' (89%) and 'severity of disease' (88%). On average, veterinarians had moderate or high confidence that 60% of dairy farm clients 'are performing euthanasia in a timely manner so as to prevent unnecessary suffering'. Veterinary surgeons had variable agreement on the time to euthanasia for various conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The survey highlighted end-of life decision-making successes and areas for improvement on dairy farms. An evidence-based, decision-support framework may help end-of-life decision-making, particularly for complex diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"e51"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695751/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"End-of-life decision-making of dairy cattle and calves: A survey of British farmers and veterinary surgeons.\",\"authors\":\"Joseph M Neary, Cherry Bedford, Robert F Smith\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/vro2.51\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aim was to characterise issues faced by farmers and veterinary surgeons when making end-of-life decisions for dairy cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Online surveys were distributed to British dairy farmers and veterinary surgeons for 20 weeks from November 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 83 responses (37 farmers, 46 veterinary surgeons). Among youngstock, the risk of unassisted/natural death (2.6% ± 0.3%) was almost double the risk of euthanasia (1.4% ± 0.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.003). The opposite, however, was true in the milking herd: the risk of euthanasia (2.3% ± 0.3%) was greater than unassisted/natural death (1.6% ± 0.2%; <i>p</i> = 0.05). A fallen stock collector (62%) typically performed euthanasia and most farms (66%) did not have anyone trained to perform euthanasia. Most deaths within the milking herd were attributed to 'unknown or not recorded' (median 15% of deaths). The factors that farmers most frequently reported as strongly influencing their decision of when to euthanase an animal relative to the onset of disease were 'failure to respond to treatment' (89%), 'veterinary advice' (89%) and 'severity of disease' (88%). On average, veterinarians had moderate or high confidence that 60% of dairy farm clients 'are performing euthanasia in a timely manner so as to prevent unnecessary suffering'. Veterinary surgeons had variable agreement on the time to euthanasia for various conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The survey highlighted end-of life decision-making successes and areas for improvement on dairy farms. An evidence-based, decision-support framework may help end-of-life decision-making, particularly for complex diseases.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":1,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"e51\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":16.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-11-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695751/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/vro2.51\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/12/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vro2.51","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/12/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
End-of-life decision-making of dairy cattle and calves: A survey of British farmers and veterinary surgeons.
Background: The study aim was to characterise issues faced by farmers and veterinary surgeons when making end-of-life decisions for dairy cattle.
Methods: Online surveys were distributed to British dairy farmers and veterinary surgeons for 20 weeks from November 2020.
Results: There were 83 responses (37 farmers, 46 veterinary surgeons). Among youngstock, the risk of unassisted/natural death (2.6% ± 0.3%) was almost double the risk of euthanasia (1.4% ± 0.3%; p = 0.003). The opposite, however, was true in the milking herd: the risk of euthanasia (2.3% ± 0.3%) was greater than unassisted/natural death (1.6% ± 0.2%; p = 0.05). A fallen stock collector (62%) typically performed euthanasia and most farms (66%) did not have anyone trained to perform euthanasia. Most deaths within the milking herd were attributed to 'unknown or not recorded' (median 15% of deaths). The factors that farmers most frequently reported as strongly influencing their decision of when to euthanase an animal relative to the onset of disease were 'failure to respond to treatment' (89%), 'veterinary advice' (89%) and 'severity of disease' (88%). On average, veterinarians had moderate or high confidence that 60% of dairy farm clients 'are performing euthanasia in a timely manner so as to prevent unnecessary suffering'. Veterinary surgeons had variable agreement on the time to euthanasia for various conditions.
Conclusions: The survey highlighted end-of life decision-making successes and areas for improvement on dairy farms. An evidence-based, decision-support framework may help end-of-life decision-making, particularly for complex diseases.
期刊介绍:
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.