微生物学之前的微生物:Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg和柏林的infusoria

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100815

Mathias Grote

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引用次数: 0

摘要

自19世纪30年代以来，博物学家克里斯蒂安·戈特弗里德·埃伦伯格(Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg)通过从世界各地收集样本，开创了对活的和化石的滴虫(包括原生生物和细菌)的研究，从而描述了许多微生物，并讨论了它们对地球和人类的影响。这篇文章介绍了Ehrenberg作为微生物的自然历史学家，并将他的工作置于19世纪生命科学中关于细胞理论、进化和疾病概念的辩论。我认为，尽管发生在生命科学的这些重大概念创新之前，埃伦伯格在地球或空气中发现的微生物多样性方面的工作比历史编纂迄今为止所表现出来的更令人兴奋，特别是考虑到今天的生态微生物学。

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Microbes before microbiology: Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg and Berlin’s infusoria

Naturalist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg pioneered research on living and fossil infusoria (including protists and bacteria) since the 1830s by collecting samples from all over the world, thus describing numerous microbes and discussing their effects for the planet and for humankind. This article introduces Ehrenberg as a natural historian of microbes and situates his work in the nineteenth century life sciences with respect to debates about cell theory, evolution, and concepts of disease. I argue that in spite of occurring before these major conceptual innovations of the life sciences, Ehrenberg’s work on the diversity of microbes found in earth or air is more exciting than historiography has made it appear so far, especially in light of today’s ecological microbiology.

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来源期刊

Endeavour 综合性期刊-科学史与科学哲学

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

16.70%

发文量

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Endeavour, established in 1942, has, over its long and proud history, developed into one of the leading journals in the history and philosophy of science. Endeavour publishes high-quality articles on a wide array of scientific topics from ancient to modern, across all disciplines. It serves as a critical forum for the interdisciplinary exploration and evaluation of natural knowledge and its development throughout history. Each issue contains lavish color and black-and-white illustrations. This makes Endeavour an ideal destination for history and philosophy of science articles with a strong visual component. Endeavour presents the history and philosophy of science in a clear and accessible manner, ensuring the journal is a valuable tool for historians, philosophers, practicing scientists, and general readers. To enable it to have the broadest coverage possible, Endeavour features four types of articles: -Research articles are concise, fully referenced, and beautifully illustrated with high quality reproductions of the most important source material. -In Vivo articles will illustrate the rich and numerous connections between historical and philosophical scholarship and matters of current public interest, and provide rich, readable explanations of important current events from historical and philosophical perspectives. -Book Reviews and Commentaries provide a picture of the rapidly growing history of science discipline. Written by both established and emerging scholars, our reviews provide a vibrant overview of the latest publications and media in the history and philosophy of science. -Lost and Found Pieces are playful and creative short essays which focus on objects, theories, tools, and methods that have been significant to science but underappreciated by collective memory.