阿尔茨海默病的成人海马神经发生:人类和动物研究综述,对记忆恢复治疗前景的影响。

IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Neural Plasticity Pub Date : 2022-01-15 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2022/9959044
Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli, Valentina Ricci, Silvia Middei
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引用次数: 8

摘要

哺乳动物海马齿状回是神经干细胞成体神经发生的生态位。新生神经元整合到现有的神经元网络中,在海马体功能中发挥关键作用,包括学习和记忆。在衰老的大脑中,神经发生能力逐渐下降,同时增加了患阿尔茨海默病(AD)的风险,这是一种与记忆丧失相关的主要神经退行性疾病。许多研究调查了成人神经发生受损是否会导致阿尔茨海默氏症患者的记忆力下降。在这里,我们回顾了成人海马神经发生(AHN)和AD的文献,重点是人和小鼠模型研究。首先,我们描述了AHN的关键步骤,报告了人类中这一现象的最新证据,并描述了新生神经元对记忆的具体贡献,正如动物研究所证明的那样。接下来,我们回顾了研究AD患者AHN的文章,并批判性地检查了过去二十年来不同研究之间的差异。此外,我们总结了在AD小鼠模型中研究AHN的研究,并从这些研究中推断出AD相关变化与神经发生受损相关的分子因子的贡献。最后,我们研究了将AD中受损的神经发生与特定记忆功能障碍联系起来的动物研究,并回顾了通过刺激AHN有可能恢复AD中记忆能力的治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview of Human and Animal Studies with Implications for Therapeutic Perspectives Aimed at Memory Recovery.

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview of Human and Animal Studies with Implications for Therapeutic Perspectives Aimed at Memory Recovery.

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview of Human and Animal Studies with Implications for Therapeutic Perspectives Aimed at Memory Recovery.

The mammalian hippocampal dentate gyrus is a niche for adult neurogenesis from neural stem cells. Newborn neurons integrate into existing neuronal networks, where they play a key role in hippocampal functions, including learning and memory. In the ageing brain, neurogenic capability progressively declines while in parallel increases the risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), the main neurodegenerative disorder associated with memory loss. Numerous studies have investigated whether impaired adult neurogenesis contributes to memory decline in AD. Here, we review the literature on adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and AD by focusing on both human and mouse model studies. First, we describe key steps of AHN, report recent evidence of this phenomenon in humans, and describe the specific contribution of newborn neurons to memory, as evinced by animal studies. Next, we review articles investigating AHN in AD patients and critically examine the discrepancies among different studies over the last two decades. Also, we summarize researches investigating AHN in AD mouse models, and from these studies, we extrapolate the contribution of molecular factors linking AD-related changes to impaired neurogenesis. Lastly, we examine animal studies that link impaired neurogenesis to specific memory dysfunctions in AD and review treatments that have the potential to rescue memory capacities in AD by stimulating AHN.

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来源期刊
Neural Plasticity
Neural Plasticity NEUROSCIENCES-
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
77
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Neural Plasticity is an international, interdisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of articles related to all aspects of neural plasticity, with special emphasis on its functional significance as reflected in behavior and in psychopathology. Neural Plasticity publishes research and review articles from the entire range of relevant disciplines, including basic neuroscience, behavioral neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, biological psychology, and biological psychiatry.
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