退休会改变个人的生活价值吗?一项为期3年的小组研究的结果。

Olga Grünwald, Marleen Damman, Kène Henkens
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引用次数: 2

摘要

目的:在以往的退休研究中,通常假设个人的生活价值在退休后保持稳定。然而,退休使个人接触到新的社会环境,从而可能促使他们重新评估自己的生活方向。然而,关于这个过程的定量经验知识是有限的。本研究探讨退休对老年人生活中自我发展、社会地位、社会贡献和创造性的感知重要性变化的影响。我们利用生命历程框架来提出关于退休后哪些生活取向更有可能改变以及如何改变的假设。方法:我们分析了2015年和2018年收集的5034名年龄在60-65岁之间的荷兰人的数据。在随访中,大约一半的人已经完全退休(无论是自愿的还是非自愿的),10%的人在退休后继续工作。结果:条件变化模型显示,与连续的职业工作相比,自愿完全退休与自我发展、社会地位、社会贡献和创造性的重要性的显著(但非常)小的下降有关。退休过程(即退休后工作、非自愿全额退休)之间的生活取向变化差异也很小。讨论:考虑到观察到的小效应,研究结果表明,从职业就业到退休过渡期间的连续性水平相对较高。退休后,个人将重新评估他们生命中所看重的东西——这是根据生命历程文献中基于暴露的机制所期望的——这一概念似乎没有最初预期的那么明显。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Does Retirement Change What Individuals Value in Life? Results From a 3-Year Panel Study.

Objectives: In previous research on retirement, what individuals value in life is often assumed to remain stable after the transition into retirement. However, retirement exposes individuals to new social settings and might thus prompt them to reevaluate their life orientations. Quantitative empirical knowledge about this process is limited, though. This study examines the impact of retirement on changes in the perceived importance of self-development, social status, societal contribution, and generativity in older adults' lives. We draw on the life-course framework to develop hypotheses about which life orientations are more likely to change after retirement and how.

Methods: We analyzed data collected in 2015 and 2018 among 5,034 Dutch individuals aged 60-65 and employed at baseline. Around half had fully retired at follow-up (either voluntarily or involuntarily), and 10% worked after retirement.

Results: Conditional change models reveal that voluntary full retirement was linked to statistically significant-but (very) small-decreases in the importance of self-development, social status, societal contribution, and generativity compared to continuous career work. Differences in changes of life orientations between retirement processes (i.e., postretirement work, involuntary full retirement) were also small.

Discussion: The findings point to relatively high levels of continuity during the transition from career employment to retirement, given the small effect sizes observed. The notion that after retirement, individuals will reevaluate what they value in life-as expected in light of the exposure-based mechanism from the life-course literature-seems to be less pronounced than initially expected.

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