[Transition of care from childhood and adolescence to adulthood in nephrology].

For a young patient suffering from a chronic disease, the transition from pediatric to adult care unit is a tricky step, with a high risk of poor therapeutic compliance, loss of follow-up, and possibly tragic consequences. Better knowledge of these risks has led to a strong mobilization of pediatricians and medical teams for adult care over the last ten years, and the notion of health care transition from childhood to adulthood tends to replace simple care transfer. Transition is a step-by-step well-planned process, over several years, aimed at preparing an adolescent to become an independent empowered young adult, and at accompanying him after the change of healthcare team. Chronic renal diseases beginning in childhood have a very different etiological distribution from those occurring in adulthood. They are often rare diseases benefiting from the care of specific reference centers. It is especially for severe renal failure, and more specifically for young transplant recipients, that transition programs have been developed. We describe here the main recommendations and current transition programs.