Life in lockdown: impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on the lives of visually impaired school-age children and their families in India.

Purpose: The COVID-19 outbreak has adversely impacted all societal domains including education. Home confinement, school closures and distance learning impacted children's, teachers' and parents' lives worldwide. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the lives, including education, of school-age children with vision impairment (VI) and their parents in India.

Methods: Primary and secondary school children with VI were recruited from the Institute for Vision Rehabilitation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. A qualitative research methodology, utilising a self-constructed questionnaire with open and closed questions and stem and leaf design, was employed to explore the experiences of school closure and its impact on education and attending online classes during the COVID-19 lockdown. Textual data from responses to the questions were analysed using content analysis to identify themes pertinent to the cohort studied.

Results: Forty eight child-parent dyads were included. The median age of children was 10 years (range, 7-19 years) and 60% were male. Inherited retinal disorders were the major cause of VI (40%). Best spectacle corrected visual acuity (better eye) ranged from 0.30 to 2.09 logMAR (6/12 to 6/750). Six major themes were identified: (1) accessibility of technology (online learning and technology); (2) parental beliefs/concerns (harmful effects of technology, prioritisation of normally sighted children, online classes considered a distraction); (3) support (peers, parents, teachers, private tuition); (4) socialisation and physical activity; (5) socioeconomic status and (6) near vision.

Conclusions: This study provides an understanding of the adverse impact of lockdown on the lives of children with VI and their parents, especially related to education in India. The study identified critical factors that affect online learning and the participation of children with VI in these sessions. Policymakers and educators should implement effective measures for supporting online classes.