美国出生人口中糖尿病对人口健康影响的种族/民族和教育差异

Emma Zang, Scott M Lynch, Chen Liu, Nancy Lu, Julia Banas
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引用次数: 5

摘要

目的:本研究考察了美国出生的健康人群和糖尿病人群的总预期寿命(TLEs),以及捕捉生活质量的两项指标:(a)在没有其他慢性疾病或日常生活障碍活动(adl)的情况下度过的剩余寿命的比例;(b)按种族/民族和教育程度划分的美国出生的糖尿病人群中度过的剩余寿命的比例。方法:使用1998-2014年健康与退休研究(n = 16,983)的波浪,我们应用贝叶斯多状态生命表方法从构建的生命表中计算这些数量。结果:糖尿病患者50岁时的TLE短于健康人群,非西班牙裔黑人短于其他种族/族裔群体,受教育程度较低的人群。50岁时健康人群和糖尿病人群之间的TLE差距在性别种族组合中为6.3至8.8年,在性教育组合中为5.6至9.2年。在糖尿病人群中,平均至少拥有大学学历的人在剩余生命中没有其他慢性疾病或adl的比例更高。西班牙裔和没有大学学位的人在剩余生命中与adl共度的比例尤其高。虽然患糖尿病的女性平均寿命比男性长,但她们的生活质量往往较低。讨论:糖尿病对人口健康的影响因种族/民族和教育程度而异。研究结果支持针对弱势群体(如有色人种、女性和受教育程度较低的个人)的针对性干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Racial/Ethnic and Educational Disparities in the Impact of Diabetes on Population Health Among the U.S.-Born Population.

Objectives: This study examines total life expectancies (TLEs) for both healthy and diabetic U.S.-born populations and 2 measures capturing quality of life: (a) the proportion of remaining life to be spent without either other chronic conditions or activities of daily living disabilities (ADLs) and (b) the proportion of remaining life to be spent with ADLs for U.S.-born diabetic populations by race/ethnicity and educational attainment.

Methods: Using the 1998-2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (n = 16,983), we apply a Bayesian multistate life table method to calculate these quantities from the constructed life tables.

Results: TLE at age 50 is shorter for diabetic individuals than healthy individuals, for non-Hispanic Blacks than members of other racial/ethnic groups, and for less-educated individuals. Gaps in TLE at age 50 between healthy and diabetic populations range from 6.3 to 8.8 years across sex-race combinations and from 5.6 to 9.2 years across sex-education combinations. Among the diabetic population, those with at least a college degree on average have a higher proportion of remaining life to be spent without either other chronic conditions or ADLs. Hispanics and those without a college degree have a particularly high proportion of remaining life to be spent with ADLs. Although diabetic women on average live longer than men, their quality of life tends to be lower.

Discussion: The impact of diabetes on population health varies across racial/ethnic and educational groups. The findings support targeted interventions for vulnerable groups, such as people of color, women, and less-educated individuals.

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