{"title":"经济增长、陆地汇和大气传输对朝鲜半岛大气二氧化碳浓度增加的贡献","authors":"Jeongmin Yun, Sujong Jeong","doi":"10.1186/s13021-021-00186-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Understanding a carbon budget from a national perspective is essential for establishing effective plans to reduce atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> growth. The national characteristics of carbon budgets are reflected in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> variations; however, separating regional influences on atmospheric signals is challenging owing to atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> transport. Therefore, in this study, we examined the characteristics of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> variations over South and North Korea during 2000–2016 and unveiled the causes of their regional differences in the increasing rate of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations by utilizing atmospheric transport modeling.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in South Korea is rising by 2.32 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, which is more than the globally-averaged increase rate of 2.05 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>. Atmospheric transport modeling indicates that the increase in domestic fossil energy supply to support manufacturing export-led economic growth leads to an increase of 0.12 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup> in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in South Korea. Although enhancements of terrestrial carbon uptake estimated from both inverse modeling and process-based models have decreased atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> by up to 0.02 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, this decrease is insufficient to offset anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> increases. Meanwhile, atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in North Korea is also increasing by 2.23 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, despite a decrease in national CO<sub>2</sub> emissions close to carbon neutrality. The great increases estimated in both South Korea and North Korea are associated with changes in atmospheric transport, including increasing emitted and transported CO<sub>2</sub> from China, which have increased the national atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations by 2.23 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup> and 2.27 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study discovered that economic activity is the determinant of regional differences in increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in the Korea Peninsula. However, from a global perspective, changes in transported CO<sub>2</sub> are a major driver of rising atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> over this region, yielding an increase rate higher than the global mean value. Our findings suggest that accurately separating the contributions of atmospheric transport and regional sources to the increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations is important for developing effective strategies to achieve carbon neutrality at the national level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":505,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Balance and Management","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8290544/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Contributions of economic growth, terrestrial sinks, and atmospheric transport to the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the Korean Peninsula\",\"authors\":\"Jeongmin Yun, Sujong Jeong\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s13021-021-00186-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Understanding a carbon budget from a national perspective is essential for establishing effective plans to reduce atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> growth. The national characteristics of carbon budgets are reflected in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> variations; however, separating regional influences on atmospheric signals is challenging owing to atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> transport. Therefore, in this study, we examined the characteristics of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> variations over South and North Korea during 2000–2016 and unveiled the causes of their regional differences in the increasing rate of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations by utilizing atmospheric transport modeling.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in South Korea is rising by 2.32 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, which is more than the globally-averaged increase rate of 2.05 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>. Atmospheric transport modeling indicates that the increase in domestic fossil energy supply to support manufacturing export-led economic growth leads to an increase of 0.12 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup> in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in South Korea. Although enhancements of terrestrial carbon uptake estimated from both inverse modeling and process-based models have decreased atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> by up to 0.02 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, this decrease is insufficient to offset anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> increases. Meanwhile, atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in North Korea is also increasing by 2.23 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, despite a decrease in national CO<sub>2</sub> emissions close to carbon neutrality. The great increases estimated in both South Korea and North Korea are associated with changes in atmospheric transport, including increasing emitted and transported CO<sub>2</sub> from China, which have increased the national atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations by 2.23 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup> and 2.27 ppm year<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study discovered that economic activity is the determinant of regional differences in increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in the Korea Peninsula. However, from a global perspective, changes in transported CO<sub>2</sub> are a major driver of rising atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> over this region, yielding an increase rate higher than the global mean value. Our findings suggest that accurately separating the contributions of atmospheric transport and regional sources to the increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations is important for developing effective strategies to achieve carbon neutrality at the national level.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":505,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Carbon Balance and Management\",\"volume\":\"16 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-07-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8290544/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Carbon Balance and Management\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13021-021-00186-3\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Carbon Balance and Management","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13021-021-00186-3","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Contributions of economic growth, terrestrial sinks, and atmospheric transport to the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the Korean Peninsula
Background
Understanding a carbon budget from a national perspective is essential for establishing effective plans to reduce atmospheric CO2 growth. The national characteristics of carbon budgets are reflected in atmospheric CO2 variations; however, separating regional influences on atmospheric signals is challenging owing to atmospheric CO2 transport. Therefore, in this study, we examined the characteristics of atmospheric CO2 variations over South and North Korea during 2000–2016 and unveiled the causes of their regional differences in the increasing rate of atmospheric CO2 concentrations by utilizing atmospheric transport modeling.
Results
The atmospheric CO2 concentration in South Korea is rising by 2.32 ppm year− 1, which is more than the globally-averaged increase rate of 2.05 ppm year− 1. Atmospheric transport modeling indicates that the increase in domestic fossil energy supply to support manufacturing export-led economic growth leads to an increase of 0.12 ppm year− 1 in atmospheric CO2 in South Korea. Although enhancements of terrestrial carbon uptake estimated from both inverse modeling and process-based models have decreased atmospheric CO2 by up to 0.02 ppm year− 1, this decrease is insufficient to offset anthropogenic CO2 increases. Meanwhile, atmospheric CO2 in North Korea is also increasing by 2.23 ppm year− 1, despite a decrease in national CO2 emissions close to carbon neutrality. The great increases estimated in both South Korea and North Korea are associated with changes in atmospheric transport, including increasing emitted and transported CO2 from China, which have increased the national atmospheric CO2 concentrations by 2.23 ppm year− 1 and 2.27 ppm year− 1, respectively.
Conclusions
This study discovered that economic activity is the determinant of regional differences in increasing atmospheric CO2 in the Korea Peninsula. However, from a global perspective, changes in transported CO2 are a major driver of rising atmospheric CO2 over this region, yielding an increase rate higher than the global mean value. Our findings suggest that accurately separating the contributions of atmospheric transport and regional sources to the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations is important for developing effective strategies to achieve carbon neutrality at the national level.
期刊介绍：
Carbon Balance and Management is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of research aimed at developing a comprehensive policy relevant to the understanding of the global carbon cycle.
The global carbon cycle involves important couplings between climate, atmospheric CO2 and the terrestrial and oceanic biospheres. The current transformation of the carbon cycle due to changes in climate and atmospheric composition is widely recognized as potentially dangerous for the biosphere and for the well-being of humankind, and therefore monitoring, understanding and predicting the evolution of the carbon cycle in the context of the whole biosphere (both terrestrial and marine) is a challenge to the scientific community.
This demands interdisciplinary research and new approaches for studying geographical and temporal distributions of carbon pools and fluxes, control and feedback mechanisms of the carbon-climate system, points of intervention and windows of opportunity for managing the carbon-climate-human system.
Carbon Balance and Management is a medium for researchers in the field to convey the results of their research across disciplinary boundaries. Through this dissemination of research, the journal aims to support the work of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) and to provide governmental and non-governmental organizations with instantaneous access to continually emerging knowledge, including paradigm shifts and consensual views.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
