相互启示:通过蛇毒组学和上下文立场整合进化和临床毒理学的概念和方法工具箱。

IF 3.6 Q2 TOXICOLOGY
Juan J. Calvete , Bruno Lomonte , Anthony J. Saviola , Fabián Bonilla , Mahmood Sasa , David J. Williams , Eivind A.B. Undheim , Kartik Sunagar , Timothy N.W. Jackson
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引用次数: 24

摘要

蛇咬伤是一种被忽视的热带疾病,每年可能在全球夺走超过10万人的生命。蛇咬伤是人和蛇之间互动的结果,这种互动会引起蛇的防御反应,或者更罕见的是,由于身份错误而引起进食反应。因此,蛇咬伤是一个生物学问题,更具体地说,是一个生态问题。蛇毒本身通常被描述为“鸡尾酒”,因为它是一种分子的异质混合物,包括负责环境致病的病理生理后果的毒素(通常是蛋白质)。毒液在蛇生态学中的主要功能是预先征服,分泌物的防御部署通常被认为是次要功能。任何给定毒液混合物的特定组成都是由进化力决定的,包括与蛇的谱系相关的系统发育约束和对蛇的生态环境的适应性反应,包括它捕食的分类群和它被捕食的分类。在本文中,我们描述了生态学和进化生物学的概念框架如何通过从“生态学角度”考虑蛇咬伤环境,与临床毒理学形成相互启发的关系。我们详细介绍了从这样一个角度可能出现的见解,并强调了从组学时代的技术应用中出现的高保真描述性知识——“静脉组学”和“抗病毒组学”——可以与进化解释相结合,以提供对这场多因素健康危机的详细理解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Mutual enlightenment: A toolbox of concepts and methods for integrating evolutionary and clinical toxinology via snake venomics and the contextual stance

Mutual enlightenment: A toolbox of concepts and methods for integrating evolutionary and clinical toxinology via snake venomics and the contextual stance

Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that may claim over 100,000 human lives annually worldwide. Snakebite occurs as the result of an interaction between a human and a snake that elicits either a defensive response from the snake or, more rarely, a feeding response as the result of mistaken identity. Snakebite envenoming is therefore a biological and, more specifically, an ecological problem. Snake venom itself is often described as a “cocktail”, as it is a heterogenous mixture of molecules including the toxins (which are typically proteinaceous) responsible for the pathophysiological consequences of envenoming. The primary function of venom in snake ecology is pre-subjugation, with defensive deployment of the secretion typically considered a secondary function. The particular composition of any given venom cocktail is shaped by evolutionary forces that include phylogenetic constraints associated with the snake's lineage and adaptive responses to the snake's ecological context, including the taxa it preys upon and by which it is predated upon. In the present article, we describe how conceptual frameworks from ecology and evolutionary biology can enter into a mutually enlightening relationship with clinical toxinology by enabling the consideration of snakebite envenoming from an “ecological stance”. We detail the insights that may emerge from such a perspective and highlight the ways in which the high-fidelity descriptive knowledge emerging from applications of -omics era technologies – “venomics” and “antivenomics” – can combine with evolutionary explanations to deliver a detailed understanding of this multifactorial health crisis.

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来源期刊
Toxicon: X
Toxicon: X Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Toxicology
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
审稿时长
14 weeks
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