基于健康信念模型的多发性硬化症患者自我保健行为及其相关因素

Journal of Caring Sciences Pub Date : 2021-05-24 eCollection Date: 2021-05-01 DOI:10.34172/jcs.2021.015
Hajar Habibi, Behnaz Sedighi, Yunes Jahani, Marziyeh Hasani, Abedin Iranpour
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引用次数: 6

摘要

自我保健计划可以提高多发性硬化症(MS)患者的健康水平。本研究旨在运用健康信念模型(Health Belief Model, HBM)探讨多发性硬化症患者的自我护理行为及其影响因素。方法:横断面研究采用方便抽样方法,纳入280例MS患者。收集工具为基于HBM的自填问卷。参与者是伊朗克尔曼MS协会的成员。在SPSS软件Version 22中使用描述性统计、路径分析和多变量线性回归分析数据。结果:自我保健行为的平均(SD)评分为2.86分(0.64分),遵医嘱是最常见的行为。感知利益和行动线索对自我保健实践产生积极影响。参与者最常见的症状是疲劳(82.5%)、视力障碍(76.4%)、头痛(72.1%)和肌肉无力(71.4%)。自我护理行为最重要的行动线索是医生(77%),媒体(52%)和其他MS患者(32%)。结论:生活自理行为对MS患者的生活质量有重要影响。在本研究中,只有大约一半的患者完成了自我护理行为,这似乎是不够的。由于感知利益和行动线索是自我保健实践的主要预测因素,基于这两个构念的干预可用于促进MS患者的自我保健计划和生活质量。卫生保健提供者应更加重视这些因素,以促进自我保健行为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Self-Care Practices and Related Factors in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Based on the Health Belief Model.

Self-Care Practices and Related Factors in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Based on the Health Belief Model.

Introduction: Self-care programs can raise health in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to identify the self-care behaviors and determinants in patients with MS according to the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 280 MS patients through convenience sampling method. The collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire based on HBM. The participants were the members of MS society in Kerman, Iran. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, path analysis, and multivariable linear regression in SPSS software Version 22. Results: The mean (SD) score for self-care practices was 2.86 (0.64), and medication adherence was the most conducted practice. The perceived benefits and cues to action exerted positive influence on self-care practices. The most frequent symptoms experienced by the participants were fatigue (82.5%), visual impairment (76.4%), headaches (72.1%), and muscle weakness (71.4%). The most important cues to action for self-care behavior were the physician (77%), media (52%), and other MS patients (32%). Conclusion: The quality of life (QOL) of MS patients is heavily influenced by self-care behaviors. In this study, only about half of the patients accomplished self-care behaviors, which seems to be insufficient. Since the perceived benefits and cues to action are the main predictors of self-care practices, intervention based on these two constructs can be utilized to promote self-care programs and QOL in MS patients. Health-care providers should pay more attention to these factors for promoting self-care behaviors.

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