Tiago Danelli, Felipe Crepaldi Duarte, Thilara Alessandra de Oliveira, Raquel Soares da Silva, Daniela Frizon Alfieri, Guilherme Bartolomeu Gonçalves, Caio Ferreira de Oliveira, Eliandro Reis Tavares, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi, Marcia Regina Eches Perugini, Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta
{"title":"巴西南部一家大学医院的医护人员和学生鼻腔携带金黄色葡萄球菌的情况：流行率、表型和分子特征。","authors":"Tiago Danelli, Felipe Crepaldi Duarte, Thilara Alessandra de Oliveira, Raquel Soares da Silva, Daniela Frizon Alfieri, Guilherme Bartolomeu Gonçalves, Caio Ferreira de Oliveira, Eliandro Reis Tavares, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi, Marcia Regina Eches Perugini, Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta","doi":"10.1155/2020/3808036","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> can asymptomatically colonize the human anterior nares and skin, and nasal colonization by this bacterium represents a potential risk for development of invasive infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> nasal carriage among healthcare workers and students attending a university hospital and to characterize the isolates phenotypically and molecularly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed with 324 volunteers. Cultures from nasal samples were obtained and <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were characterized according to their antimicrobial susceptibility profile and four virulence factors-encoding genes. MRSA isolates were characterized regarding their oxacillin/cefoxitin susceptibility, SCC<i>mec,</i> and REP-PCR types. Potential risks for <i>S. aureus</i> and MRSA carriage were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 324 nasal samples, 42.9% were identified as <i>S. aureus</i>, of which 28.8% were MRSA. <i>S. aureus</i> carriers were significantly higher in males and students (OR = 2.898, 95%CI 1.553-5.410); however, no variables were associated with MRSA carriage. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and the highest rate of resistance was observed for penicillin (90.6%). All isolates harbored the <i>coa</i> gene, and 97.8%, the <i>icaA</i> gene; 15.8% and 6.5% were positive for <i>tst</i> and <i>lukS-PV/lukF-PV</i> genes, respectively. Among MRSA isolates, 45% carried the <i>mecA</i> gene but were phenotypically susceptible to oxacillin/cefoxitin; two harbored the <i>tst</i> and none had <i>lukS-PV/lukF-PV</i> genes. All MRSAs were distributed into six SCC<i>mec</i> types and type I (62.5%) was the most frequent. REP-PCR typing identified four main clusters among MRSA isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High prevalence of healthcare workers and students were identified as nasal carriers of <i>S. aureus</i> exhibiting different antimicrobial resistance profiles, including <i>mecA</i>-positive oxacillin-susceptible <i>S. aureus</i> (OS-MRSA) and the presence of virulence-encoding genes. Both cohorts may represent potential sources for the emergence of a successful <i>S. aureus</i> strain highly adapted to the hospital environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":39128,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3808036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7732402/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Nasal Carriage by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Healthcare Workers and Students Attending a University Hospital in Southern Brazil: Prevalence, Phenotypic, and Molecular Characteristics.\",\"authors\":\"Tiago Danelli, Felipe Crepaldi Duarte, Thilara Alessandra de Oliveira, Raquel Soares da Silva, Daniela Frizon Alfieri, Guilherme Bartolomeu Gonçalves, Caio Ferreira de Oliveira, Eliandro Reis Tavares, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi, Marcia Regina Eches Perugini, Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2020/3808036\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> can asymptomatically colonize the human anterior nares and skin, and nasal colonization by this bacterium represents a potential risk for development of invasive infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> nasal carriage among healthcare workers and students attending a university hospital and to characterize the isolates phenotypically and molecularly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed with 324 volunteers. Cultures from nasal samples were obtained and <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were characterized according to their antimicrobial susceptibility profile and four virulence factors-encoding genes. MRSA isolates were characterized regarding their oxacillin/cefoxitin susceptibility, SCC<i>mec,</i> and REP-PCR types. Potential risks for <i>S. aureus</i> and MRSA carriage were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 324 nasal samples, 42.9% were identified as <i>S. aureus</i>, of which 28.8% were MRSA. <i>S. aureus</i> carriers were significantly higher in males and students (OR = 2.898, 95%CI 1.553-5.410); however, no variables were associated with MRSA carriage. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and the highest rate of resistance was observed for penicillin (90.6%). All isolates harbored the <i>coa</i> gene, and 97.8%, the <i>icaA</i> gene; 15.8% and 6.5% were positive for <i>tst</i> and <i>lukS-PV/lukF-PV</i> genes, respectively. Among MRSA isolates, 45% carried the <i>mecA</i> gene but were phenotypically susceptible to oxacillin/cefoxitin; two harbored the <i>tst</i> and none had <i>lukS-PV/lukF-PV</i> genes. All MRSAs were distributed into six SCC<i>mec</i> types and type I (62.5%) was the most frequent. REP-PCR typing identified four main clusters among MRSA isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High prevalence of healthcare workers and students were identified as nasal carriers of <i>S. aureus</i> exhibiting different antimicrobial resistance profiles, including <i>mecA</i>-positive oxacillin-susceptible <i>S. aureus</i> (OS-MRSA) and the presence of virulence-encoding genes. Both cohorts may represent potential sources for the emergence of a successful <i>S. aureus</i> strain highly adapted to the hospital environment.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":39128,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases\",\"volume\":\"2020 \",\"pages\":\"3808036\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-12-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7732402/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3808036\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2020/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"Immunology and Microbiology\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3808036","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2020/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Immunology and Microbiology","Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasal Carriage by Staphylococcus aureus among Healthcare Workers and Students Attending a University Hospital in Southern Brazil: Prevalence, Phenotypic, and Molecular Characteristics.
Background: Staphylococcus aureus can asymptomatically colonize the human anterior nares and skin, and nasal colonization by this bacterium represents a potential risk for development of invasive infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage among healthcare workers and students attending a university hospital and to characterize the isolates phenotypically and molecularly.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 324 volunteers. Cultures from nasal samples were obtained and S. aureus isolates were characterized according to their antimicrobial susceptibility profile and four virulence factors-encoding genes. MRSA isolates were characterized regarding their oxacillin/cefoxitin susceptibility, SCCmec, and REP-PCR types. Potential risks for S. aureus and MRSA carriage were analyzed.
Results: Of 324 nasal samples, 42.9% were identified as S. aureus, of which 28.8% were MRSA. S. aureus carriers were significantly higher in males and students (OR = 2.898, 95%CI 1.553-5.410); however, no variables were associated with MRSA carriage. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and the highest rate of resistance was observed for penicillin (90.6%). All isolates harbored the coa gene, and 97.8%, the icaA gene; 15.8% and 6.5% were positive for tst and lukS-PV/lukF-PV genes, respectively. Among MRSA isolates, 45% carried the mecA gene but were phenotypically susceptible to oxacillin/cefoxitin; two harbored the tst and none had lukS-PV/lukF-PV genes. All MRSAs were distributed into six SCCmec types and type I (62.5%) was the most frequent. REP-PCR typing identified four main clusters among MRSA isolates.
Conclusion: High prevalence of healthcare workers and students were identified as nasal carriers of S. aureus exhibiting different antimicrobial resistance profiles, including mecA-positive oxacillin-susceptible S. aureus (OS-MRSA) and the presence of virulence-encoding genes. Both cohorts may represent potential sources for the emergence of a successful S. aureus strain highly adapted to the hospital environment.
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