肌内皮反馈回路对微血管张力的内在调节。

4区 生物学 Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Current topics in membranes Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-06 DOI:10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.01.004
Hamish A L Lemmey, Christopher J Garland, Kim A Dora
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引用次数: 0

摘要

内皮是动脉血管张力的重要调节器,它释放一氧化氮(NO)并打开 Ca2+ 激活的 K+ (KCa) 通道,从而松弛血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)。虽然作用于内皮细胞(EC)受体的激动剂被广泛用于评估内皮降低血管张力的能力,但 EC 依赖性内在机制的特征却不那么明显。在阻力较小的动脉和小动脉中,被称为肌内皮细胞间隙连接(MEGJs)的异细胞间隙连接的存在不仅允许电流通过,还允许包括 Ca2+ 和三磷酸肌醇(IP3)在内的小分子通过。因此,当受刺激收缩时,VSM Ca2+ 和 IP3 的增加有可能通过 MEGJs 激活邻近的心肌。这种激活会释放 NO 并打开 KCa 通道,从而限制收缩。这种肌内皮反馈(MEF)通过心肌Ca2+流入和释放途径被放大,并通过调节间隙连接传导的过程被动态调节。关键信号传导和调节蛋白在心肌向血管内皮细胞的投射中有显著的定位,本文对这一高度特化的微域发生的依赖于心肌的内在信号传导途径进行了综述。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Intrinsic regulation of microvascular tone by myoendothelial feedback circuits.

The endothelium is an important regulator of arterial vascular tone, acting to release nitric oxide (NO) and open Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels to relax vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). While agonists acting at endothelial cell (EC) receptors are widely used to assess the ability of the endothelium to reduce vascular tone, the intrinsic EC-dependent mechanisms are less well characterized. In small resistance arteries and arterioles, the presence of heterocellular gap junctions termed myoendothelial gap junctions (MEGJs) allows the passage of not only current, but small molecules including Ca2+ and inositol trisphosphate (IP3). When stimulated to contract, the increase in VSM Ca2+ and IP3 can therefore potentially pass through MEGJs to activate adjacent ECs. This activation releases NO and opens KCa channels, which act to limit contraction. This myoendothelial feedback (MEF) is amplified by EC Ca2+ influx and release pathways, and is dynamically modulated by processes regulating gap junction conductance. There is a remarkable localization of key signaling and regulatory proteins within the EC projection toward VSM, and the intrinsic EC-dependent signaling pathways occurring with this highly specialized microdomain are reviewed.

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来源期刊
Current topics in membranes
Current topics in membranes 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Topics in Membranes provides a systematic, comprehensive, and rigorous approach to specific topics relevant to the study of cellular membranes. Each volume is a guest edited compendium of membrane biology.
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