离子通道与外周小动脉肌张力的调节。

4区 生物学 Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Current topics in membranes Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-25 DOI:10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.01.002
William F Jackson
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引用次数: 9

摘要

肌原性张力是微循环中小动脉的一个标志性特征。这种压力诱导的微血管壁血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)的收缩激活对血压的调节和维持有重要作用;血液在器官和组织内流动;毛细血管压力和液体平衡。离子通道在肌张力的发生和维持中起着核心作用。机械敏感离子通道如TRPC6可以作为压力诱导膜应力/应变的传感器之一,TRPC6与TRPM4通道一起负责压力诱导的VSMC去极化,这可能通过Ca2+激活的Cl-通道的活性和抑制电压门控K+ (KV)通道、内向整流K+ (KIR)通道和atp敏感K+ (KATP)通道来增强。膜电位去极化激活电压门控Ca2+通道(VGCCs),其中CaV1.2通道起核心作用。钙通过CaV1.2通道进入,通过IP3受体以Ca2+波的形式释放Ca2+,在一些小动脉中被放大,提供了负责小动脉肌张力的激活剂钙的主要来源。稳定负反馈来自于去极化和Ca2+诱导的大电导Ca2+激活的K+通道的激活以及去极化诱导的KV通道的激活。肌原性张力也被KIR和KATP通道的强直活性所抑制。虽然我们已经对肌原性张力中的离子通道表达和功能有了很多了解,但由于离子通道表达和功能的显著区域差异以及小动脉VSMCs特异性数据的缺乏,需要进一步的研究来填补我们的知识空白。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ion channels and the regulation of myogenic tone in peripheral arterioles.

Myogenic tone is a hall-mark feature of arterioles in the microcirculation. This pressure-induced, contractile activation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the wall of these microvessels importantly contributes to the regulation and maintenance of blood pressure; blood flow to and within organs and tissues; and capillary pressure and fluid balance. Ion channels play a central role in the genesis and maintenance of myogenic tone. Mechanosensitive ion channels such as TRPC6 may serve as one of the sensors of pressure-induced membrane stress/strain, and TRPC6 along with TRPM4 channels are responsible pressure-induced VSMC depolarization that may be bolstered by the activity of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels and inhibition of voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels, inwardly-rectifying K+ (KIR) channels and ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels. Membrane potential depolarization activates voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), with CaV1.2 channels playing a central role. Calcium entry through CaV1.2 channels, which is amplified by Ca2+ release through IP3 receptors in the form of Ca2+ waves in some arterioles, provides the major source of activator calcium responsible for arteriolar myogenic tone. Stabilizing negative-feedback comes from depolarization- and Ca2+-induced activation of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels and depolarization-induced activation of KV channels. Myogenic tone also is dampened by tonic activity of KIR and KATP channels. While much has been learned about ion channel expression and function in myogenic tone, additional studies are required to fill in our knowledge gaps due to significant regional differences in ion channel expression and function and a lack of data specifically from VSMCs in arterioles.

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来源期刊
Current topics in membranes
Current topics in membranes 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Topics in Membranes provides a systematic, comprehensive, and rigorous approach to specific topics relevant to the study of cellular membranes. Each volume is a guest edited compendium of membrane biology.
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