作为吸引子和控制器的中间神经元类型。

IF 12.1 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
Annual review of neuroscience Pub Date : 2020-07-08 Epub Date: 2019-07-12 DOI:10.1146/annurev-neuro-070918-050421
Gord Fishell, Adam Kepecs
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引用次数: 112

摘要

皮层中间神经元在形状、生理和其他属性上表现出显著的差异,这给我们对它们进行适当的分类带来了挑战。我们之前提出,中间神经元类型应该根据它们在皮层加工中的作用来定义。在这里,我们重新审视了如何根据他们的分工和作为皮质信息流控制者的功能来编纂他们的多样性的问题。我们认为,发育轨迹为认识中间神经元多样性提供了指导,并认为亚型身份是通过转录因子的配置(而不是组合)代码产生的,这些转录因子在潜在的基因调控网络中产生吸引状态。我们提出了更新的中间神经元规范的三阶段模型:最初的基本步骤,将中间神经元分配到几个主要类别,随后是明确的细化,在皮层内定居后创建子类,最后是状态确定,反映了中间神经元与功能电路集成的结合。我们以讨论表明主要的中间神经元类在进化上既古老又保守的发现作为结束。我们提出,皮层回路的复杂性是由系统发育上古老的中间神经元类型产生的,辅以主要神经元多样性的进化增加。这表明中间神经元类型的自然神经生物学定义可能来源于它们的发育起源和计算功能之间的匹配。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Interneuron Types as Attractors and Controllers.

Cortical interneurons display striking differences in shape, physiology, and other attributes, challenging us to appropriately classify them. We previously suggested that interneuron types should be defined by their role in cortical processing. Here, we revisit the question of how to codify their diversity based upon their division of labor and function as controllers of cortical information flow. We suggest that developmental trajectories provide a guide for appreciating interneuron diversity and argue that subtype identity is generated using a configurational (rather than combinatorial) code of transcription factors that produce attractor states in the underlying gene regulatory network. We present our updated three-stage model for interneuron specification: an initial cardinal step, allocating interneurons into a few major classes, followed by definitive refinement, creating subclasses upon settling within the cortex, and lastly, state determination, reflecting the incorporation of interneurons into functional circuit ensembles. We close by discussing findings indicating that major interneuron classes are both evolutionarily ancient and conserved. We propose that the complexity of cortical circuits is generated by phylogenetically old interneuron types, complemented by an evolutionary increase in principal neuron diversity. This suggests that a natural neurobiological definition of interneuron types might be derived from a match between their developmental origin and computational function.

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来源期刊
Annual review of neuroscience
Annual review of neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
25.30
自引率
0.70%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Neuroscience is a well-established and comprehensive journal in the field of neuroscience, with a rich history and a commitment to open access and scholarly communication. The journal has been in publication since 1978, providing a long-standing source of authoritative reviews in neuroscience. The Annual Review of Neuroscience encompasses a wide range of topics within neuroscience, including but not limited to: Molecular and cellular neuroscience, Neurogenetics, Developmental neuroscience, Neural plasticity and repair, Systems neuroscience, Cognitive neuroscience, Behavioral neuroscience, Neurobiology of disease. Occasionally, the journal also features reviews on the history of neuroscience and ethical considerations within the field.
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