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{"title":"楼梯测试中的长期精细运动能力与尾壳核中darpp阳性神经元的绝对数量相关,而与密度无关。","authors":"Benjamin E Aghoghovwia, Liping Goddard, Dorothy E Oorschot","doi":"10.1002/ar.24196","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Measurement of long-term functional and anatomical outcomes in the same animal is considered a powerful strategy for correlating structure with function. In a neonatal animal model of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury that is relevant to cerebral palsy, long-term functional deficits on the staircase test and long-term anatomical deficits in the absolute number of medium-spiny projection neurons in the caudate-putamen were reported in different animals due to logistical constraints. Here, we investigated if these functional and anatomical measures were correlated when measured in the same animals. The medium-spiny projection neurons were investigated because (1) they comprise the vast majority (>97%) of all neurons in the caudate-putamen and (2) motor deficits observed during staircase testing are likely to involve these striatal medium-spiny projection neurons through their connections. We found that long-term skilled forepaw capability on the staircase test was correlated with the absolute number of DARPP-32-positive medium-spiny projection neurons in the caudate-putamen. Specifically, deficits in skilled forepaw ability for the number of sugar pellets eaten and retrieved, and for the maximum staircase level reached, were significantly correlated with a lower absolute neuronal number. We also found that skilled forepaw ability on the staircase test was not correlated with the neuronal density (i.e., number per unit volume) of DARPP-32-positive medium-spiny projection neurons. Since neuronal density is an indirect measure of neuronal survival that is used in the literature, and absolute neuronal number is a direct measure, the results also highlight the scientific value of measuring absolute neuronal number. Anat Rec, 302:2040-2048, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":"2040-2048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ar.24196","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Long-Term Fine Motor Capability on the Staircase Test Correlates with the Absolute Number, but Not the Density, of DARPP-Positive Neurons in the Caudate-Putamen.\",\"authors\":\"Benjamin E Aghoghovwia, Liping Goddard, Dorothy E Oorschot\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ar.24196\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Measurement of long-term functional and anatomical outcomes in the same animal is considered a powerful strategy for correlating structure with function. In a neonatal animal model of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury that is relevant to cerebral palsy, long-term functional deficits on the staircase test and long-term anatomical deficits in the absolute number of medium-spiny projection neurons in the caudate-putamen were reported in different animals due to logistical constraints. Here, we investigated if these functional and anatomical measures were correlated when measured in the same animals. The medium-spiny projection neurons were investigated because (1) they comprise the vast majority (>97%) of all neurons in the caudate-putamen and (2) motor deficits observed during staircase testing are likely to involve these striatal medium-spiny projection neurons through their connections. We found that long-term skilled forepaw capability on the staircase test was correlated with the absolute number of DARPP-32-positive medium-spiny projection neurons in the caudate-putamen. Specifically, deficits in skilled forepaw ability for the number of sugar pellets eaten and retrieved, and for the maximum staircase level reached, were significantly correlated with a lower absolute neuronal number. We also found that skilled forepaw ability on the staircase test was not correlated with the neuronal density (i.e., number per unit volume) of DARPP-32-positive medium-spiny projection neurons. Since neuronal density is an indirect measure of neuronal survival that is used in the literature, and absolute neuronal number is a direct measure, the results also highlight the scientific value of measuring absolute neuronal number. Anat Rec, 302:2040-2048, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":520555,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"2040-2048\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ar.24196\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24196\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2019/6/28 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24196","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2019/6/28 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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