How far will the Voyager® take us?

Need for better treatments for glioblastoma Overall survival of people afflicted with glioblastoma (GBM) has improved modestly over the past 30 years and ranges between a median overall survival of 10 and 16 months depending on factors such as age, gender, extent of surgery, molecular-genetic features of resected tumors, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Treatment options for people afflicted with GBM have changed somewhat based on molecular-genetic profiles that define worst-case scenarios [1–3] and improvements in radiation therapy that have also reduced CNS toxicity somewhat [4]. Based on patient convenience and outcomes, temozolomide has become the major anticancer drug therapy for these tumors [5]. Most recently, chronic treatment with alternating electric tumor treating fields to the head has gained US FDA approval for the treatment of GBM [6,7]. New therapies, especially new chemotherapy drugs, have been limited to brain penetrant alkylating agents (i.e., carmustine, lomustine, and temozolomide) since the 1970s. There are several reasons for this, which relate to drug delivery to infiltrative tumor cells behind the blood–brain barrier (BBB), drug residence time on tumor cell target, appropriateness of cellular target and the need to inhibit more than one cellular target, drug pharmacokinetics and drug safety [8,9].