Aires G Santos-Junior, Adriano M Ferreira, Oleci P Frota, Marcelo A Rigotti, Larissa da S Barcelos, Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa, Denise de Andrade, Odanir G Guerra, Mara C R Furlan
{"title":"巴西卫生保健机构表面清洁和消毒的有效性。","authors":"Aires G Santos-Junior, Adriano M Ferreira, Oleci P Frota, Marcelo A Rigotti, Larissa da S Barcelos, Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa, Denise de Andrade, Odanir G Guerra, Mara C R Furlan","doi":"10.2174/1874434601812010036","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Failures in the processes of cleaning and disinfecting health service surfaces may result in the spread and transfer of pathogens that are often associated with healthcare-related infections and outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of environmental surface cleaning and disinfection in a hospital clinic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study was conducted in a nursing ward with 45 beds. A total of 80 samples from five high-touch surfaces were evaluated before and after cleaning and disinfection, using the following methods: visual inspection, adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay, aerobic colony count, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> colony count, and evaluation of resistance to methicillin. The data analysis used nonparametric comparative and correlative tests to observe any differences in the pre- and post- cleaning and disinfection results for the surfaces assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Effective cleaning and disinfection had a significant effect on only two surfaces when measured for the presence of adenosine triphosphate, the inner bathroom door handle (<i>p</i>=0.007) and the toilet bowl (<i>p</i>=0.01). When evaluated for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> colony count, the toilet flush handle also demonstrated a significant effect (<i>p</i>=0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection of the surfaces tested was not satisfactory. An educational intervention is recommended for the cleaning and disinfection staff and the nursing team at the healthcare facility.</p><p><strong>Relevance to clinical practice: </strong>The data in the study revealed that daily hospital cleaning and disinfection in the sampled sites are not sufficient in medical and surgical wards. Hospital cleanliness must be reevaluated from the point of view of materials, such as an adequate supply of clean cloths, in addition to establishing more precise cleanliness protocols and accurate monitoring systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":38868,"journal":{"name":"Open Nursing Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5876921/pdf/","citationCount":"22","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effectiveness of Surface Cleaning and Disinfection in a Brazilian Healthcare Facility.\",\"authors\":\"Aires G Santos-Junior, Adriano M Ferreira, Oleci P Frota, Marcelo A Rigotti, Larissa da S Barcelos, Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa, Denise de Andrade, Odanir G Guerra, Mara C R Furlan\",\"doi\":\"10.2174/1874434601812010036\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Failures in the processes of cleaning and disinfecting health service surfaces may result in the spread and transfer of pathogens that are often associated with healthcare-related infections and outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of environmental surface cleaning and disinfection in a hospital clinic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study was conducted in a nursing ward with 45 beds. A total of 80 samples from five high-touch surfaces were evaluated before and after cleaning and disinfection, using the following methods: visual inspection, adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay, aerobic colony count, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> colony count, and evaluation of resistance to methicillin. The data analysis used nonparametric comparative and correlative tests to observe any differences in the pre- and post- cleaning and disinfection results for the surfaces assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Effective cleaning and disinfection had a significant effect on only two surfaces when measured for the presence of adenosine triphosphate, the inner bathroom door handle (<i>p</i>=0.007) and the toilet bowl (<i>p</i>=0.01). When evaluated for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> colony count, the toilet flush handle also demonstrated a significant effect (<i>p</i>=0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection of the surfaces tested was not satisfactory. An educational intervention is recommended for the cleaning and disinfection staff and the nursing team at the healthcare facility.</p><p><strong>Relevance to clinical practice: </strong>The data in the study revealed that daily hospital cleaning and disinfection in the sampled sites are not sufficient in medical and surgical wards. Hospital cleanliness must be reevaluated from the point of view of materials, such as an adequate supply of clean cloths, in addition to establishing more precise cleanliness protocols and accurate monitoring systems.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":38868,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Open Nursing Journal\",\"volume\":\"12 \",\"pages\":\"36-44\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2018-03-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5876921/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"22\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Open Nursing Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874434601812010036\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2018/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"Nursing\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Open Nursing Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874434601812010036","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2018/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Nursing","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effectiveness of Surface Cleaning and Disinfection in a Brazilian Healthcare Facility.
Background: Failures in the processes of cleaning and disinfecting health service surfaces may result in the spread and transfer of pathogens that are often associated with healthcare-related infections and outbreaks.
Aims: To assess the effectiveness of environmental surface cleaning and disinfection in a hospital clinic.
Method: The study was conducted in a nursing ward with 45 beds. A total of 80 samples from five high-touch surfaces were evaluated before and after cleaning and disinfection, using the following methods: visual inspection, adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay, aerobic colony count, Staphylococcus aureus colony count, and evaluation of resistance to methicillin. The data analysis used nonparametric comparative and correlative tests to observe any differences in the pre- and post- cleaning and disinfection results for the surfaces assessed.
Results: Effective cleaning and disinfection had a significant effect on only two surfaces when measured for the presence of adenosine triphosphate, the inner bathroom door handle (p=0.007) and the toilet bowl (p=0.01). When evaluated for Staphylococcus aureus colony count, the toilet flush handle also demonstrated a significant effect (p=0.04).
Conclusion: The effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection of the surfaces tested was not satisfactory. An educational intervention is recommended for the cleaning and disinfection staff and the nursing team at the healthcare facility.
Relevance to clinical practice: The data in the study revealed that daily hospital cleaning and disinfection in the sampled sites are not sufficient in medical and surgical wards. Hospital cleanliness must be reevaluated from the point of view of materials, such as an adequate supply of clean cloths, in addition to establishing more precise cleanliness protocols and accurate monitoring systems.
期刊介绍：
The Open Nursing Journal is an Open Access online journal, which publishes research articles, reviews/mini-reviews, letters and guest edited thematic issues in all areas of nursing. The Open Nursing Journal, a peer-reviewed journal, is an important and reliable source of current information on developments in the field. The emphasis will be on publishing quality papers rapidly and freely available to researchers worldwide. We welcome papers related to nursing and midwifery, with specific relevance to health care practice, policy and research. We publish under the following themes: -Nursing and Midwifery practice -Education -Research methodology -Evidence based practice -New role in practice -Systematic reviews -Case studies -Ethical and professional issues -Management in health care -Sustainability in health and health care provision All authors should make clear how the implications of their paper for nursing, midwifery and health care practice. They should also clearly identify the ‘take home message’ from their paper.
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