发育中的脊椎动物视网膜中协调祖细胞周期的退出和分化。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-04-11 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI:10.1080/23262133.2016.1161697
Amanda Miles, Vincent Tropepe
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引用次数: 11

摘要

脊椎动物视网膜的正常发育在很大程度上依赖于产生正确数量和类型的分化视网膜细胞类型。为了实现这一目标,增殖的视网膜祖细胞(RPCs)必须在适当的时间退出细胞周期,并正确表达一组有助于确定视网膜细胞命运的分化标记。同源盒基因编码一个转录因子家族,已被证实参与这两个过程,涉及重要细胞周期成分的转录调控,如细胞周期蛋白和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶,以及原基因。这种同源盒基因的双重调控允许这些因子帮助协调从增殖的RPC到有丝分裂后分化的细胞的转变。然而,了解这些因子的确切分子靶点仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。这篇评论强调了我们目前关于这些因子如何调节细胞周期进程和分化的知识,特别强调了我们实验室最近发现的Vsx2和Dmbx1之间的拮抗关系,以控制RPC增殖。未来的研究应旨在进一步了解这些基因的直接转录靶点、其他辅助因子/相互作用蛋白以及这些同源盒基因可能募集的表观遗传机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Coordinating progenitor cell cycle exit and differentiation in the developing vertebrate retina.

Coordinating progenitor cell cycle exit and differentiation in the developing vertebrate retina.

The proper development of the vertebrate retina relies heavily on producing the correct number and type of differentiated retinal cell types. To achieve this, proliferating retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) must exit the cell cycle at an appropriate time and correctly express a subset of differentiation markers that help specify retinal cell fate. Homeobox genes, which encode a family of transcription factors, have been accredited to both these processes, implicated in the transcriptional regulation of important cell cycle components, such as cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and proneural genes. This dual regulation of homeobox genes allows these factors to help co-ordinate the transition from the proliferating RPC to postmitotic, differentiated cell. However, understanding the exact molecular targets of these factors remains a challenging task. This commentary highlights the current knowledge we have about how these factors regulate cell cycle progression and differentiation, with particular emphasis on a recent discovery from our lab demonstrating an antagonistic relationship between Vsx2 and Dmbx1 to control RPC proliferation. Future studies should aim to further understand the direct transcriptional targets of these genes, additional co-factors/interacting proteins and the possible recruitment of epigenetic machinery by these homeobox genes.

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