健康与炎症状态下奶牛反刍动物乳腺的免疫学研究

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-11-10 DOI:10.1155/2014/659801
Mohamed Ezzat Alnakip, Marcos Quintela-Baluja, Karola Böhme, Inmaculada Fernández-No, Sonia Caamaño-Antelo, Pillar Calo-Mata, Jorge Barros-Velázquez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

奶牛的健康,尤其是产奶的乳腺,对奶制品行业至关重要,因为这关系到确保生产优质牛奶的卫生和经济问题。乳腺炎发病率高,影响动物健康和产奶量,进而影响经济效益,因此被认为是乳制品行业最重要的威胁。乳房炎受到多种防御机制的保护,可防止微生物的渗透和监视。然而,有几种因素会削弱宿主的免疫反应(IR),不同的乳腺炎致病微生物拥有各种毒力和抗性因子,这极大地限制了免疫防御,并促进了乳房内感染(IMI)的建立。全面了解健康和炎症条件下的 MG 免疫是了解由特定病原体引起的乳内感染性质的重要关键,并大大有助于开发有效的控制方法和适当的检测技术。因此,本综述旨在详细概述在健康和炎症条件下 MG 的抗菌防御能力。从这个意义上讲,我们将重点关注在 IMI 期间宿主的 IRs 因病原体而发生的变化,并讨论这些变化的潜在影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The Immunology of Mammary Gland of Dairy Ruminants between Healthy and Inflammatory Conditions.

The Immunology of Mammary Gland of Dairy Ruminants between Healthy and Inflammatory Conditions.

The health of dairy animals, particularly the milk-producing mammary glands, is essential to the dairy industry because of the crucial hygienic and economic aspects of ensuring production of high quality milk. Due to its high prevalence, mastitis is considered the most important threat to dairy industry, due to its impacts on animal health and milk production and thus on economic benefits. The MG is protected by several defence mechanisms that prevent microbial penetration and surveillance. However, several factors can attenuate the host immune response (IR), and the possession of various virulence and resistance factors by different mastitis-causing microorganisms greatly limits immune defences and promotes establishment of intramammary infections (IMIs). A comprehensive understanding of MG immunity in both healthy and inflammatory conditions will be an important key to understand the nature of IMIs caused by specific pathogens and greatly contributes to the development of effective control methods and appropriate detection techniques. Consequently, this review aims to provide a detailed overview of antimicrobial defences in the MG under healthy and inflammatory conditions. In this sense, we will focus on pathogen-dependent variations in IRs mounted by the host during IMI and discuss the potential ramifications of these variations.

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