阿尔茨海默病的神经胶质细胞变化与神经元变化之间的关系及相关争议 I. 神经胶质细胞发病机制与神经胶质细胞保护:神经胶质细胞发病机制和神经胶质细胞保护。

IF 2.6 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Journal of Central Nervous System Disease Pub Date : 2022-10-09 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1177/11795735221128703
Adolfo Toledano-Díaz, M Isabel Álvarez, Adolfo Toledano
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自从阿洛伊斯-阿尔茨海默(Alois Alzheimer)于 1907 年描述了阿尔茨海默病的病理以来,越来越多的研究试图发现其病因和可能的治疗方法。几十年来,研究的重点一直是神经元变性和疾病进展过程中发生的神经回路破坏,在某种程度上低估了神经胶质细胞的改变,尽管这种改变在最早的研究中就有所描述。近年来,人们认识到不同神经胶质细胞家族不仅仅是神经元的支持细胞,而是神经系统生理和病理过程中的关键和活跃因素。不同类型的神经胶质细胞(尤其是星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞,但也包括成熟的少突胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞祖细胞)的改变已在导致痴呆症的最初神经病理学变化中被发现,这表明它们可能是预防神经变性的治疗靶点。在这篇综述中,根据我们自己的研究和相关科学文献,我们认为对神经胶质细胞进行细致深入的研究将是了解阿尔茨海默病起源和进展的基础。此外,我们还分析了神经胶质细胞的变化、反应和/或内卷在阿尔茨海默氏症患者和实验模型中的神经保护和神经毒性作用的主要问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The relationships between neuroglial alterations and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies I: Gliopathogenesis and glioprotection.

The relationships between neuroglial alterations and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies I: Gliopathogenesis and glioprotection.

The relationships between neuroglial alterations and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies I: Gliopathogenesis and glioprotection.

The relationships between neuroglial alterations and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies I: Gliopathogenesis and glioprotection.

Since Alois Alzheimer described the pathology of Alzheimer's disease in 1907, an increasing number of studies have attempted to discover its causes and possible ways to treat it. For decades, research has focused on neuronal degeneration and the disruption to the neural circuits that occurs during disease progression, undervaluing in some extent the alterations to glial cells even though these alterations were described in the very first studies of this disease. In recent years, it has been recognized that different families of neuroglia are not merely support cells for neurons but rather key and active elements in the physiology and pathology of the nervous system. Alterations to different types of neuroglia (especially astroglia and microglia but also mature oligodendroglia and oligodendroglial progenitors) have been identified in the initial neuropathological changes that lead to dementia, suggesting that they may represent therapeutic targets to prevent neurodegeneration. In this review, based on our own studies and on the relevant scientific literature, we argue that a careful and in-depth study of glial cells will be fundamental to understanding the origin and progression of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, we analyze the main issues regarding the neuroprotective and neurotoxic role of neuroglial changes, reactions and/or involutions in both humans with Alzheimer's disease and in experimental models of this condition.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
39
审稿时长
8 weeks
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