{"title":"大米中霉菌毒素污染水平的测定与膳食暴露评估","authors":"Jose Troestch, Stephany Reyes, Aracelly Vega","doi":"10.1155/2022/3596768","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contamination by aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone of samples of paddy and polished rice stored in silos located in Chiriquí, Panama, was evaluated. A total of 23 samples were extracted using immunoaffinity columns and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector (FLD) and post-column photochemical derivatization. For the method used, the detection limits were lower than 0.25 <i>μ</i>g/Kg for aflatoxins (AFB<sub>1</sub>, AFB<sub>2</sub>, AFG<sub>1</sub>, AFG<sub>2</sub>) and ochratoxin A and 9.35 <i>μ</i>g/Kg for zearalenone; the limits of quantification were between 0.25 and 18.75 <i>μ</i>g/Kg, respectively. Of the samples analyzed, all of the paddy rice samples were positive for at least one of the mycotoxins studied, zearalenone being the one found with the highest incidence (90.91%); for the polished rice samples, the mycotoxin with the highest incidence was zearalenone (50%), although in concentrations lower than those established in European legislation (100 <i>μ</i>g/Kg). The estimate of the daily zearalenone intake according to the concentrations found was always less than 0.07 <i>μ</i>g/Kg/bw. This is the first report on the determination of 6 mycotoxins in rice grains from Panama by the HPLC-FLD methodology. Considering the high incidence of mycotoxins in the analyzed rice samples, regular control in the production process is recommended to improve quality and ascertain its safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":17421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9463030/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Determination of Mycotoxin Contamination Levels in Rice and Dietary Exposure Assessment.\",\"authors\":\"Jose Troestch, Stephany Reyes, Aracelly Vega\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2022/3596768\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The contamination by aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone of samples of paddy and polished rice stored in silos located in Chiriquí, Panama, was evaluated. A total of 23 samples were extracted using immunoaffinity columns and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector (FLD) and post-column photochemical derivatization. For the method used, the detection limits were lower than 0.25 <i>μ</i>g/Kg for aflatoxins (AFB<sub>1</sub>, AFB<sub>2</sub>, AFG<sub>1</sub>, AFG<sub>2</sub>) and ochratoxin A and 9.35 <i>μ</i>g/Kg for zearalenone; the limits of quantification were between 0.25 and 18.75 <i>μ</i>g/Kg, respectively. Of the samples analyzed, all of the paddy rice samples were positive for at least one of the mycotoxins studied, zearalenone being the one found with the highest incidence (90.91%); for the polished rice samples, the mycotoxin with the highest incidence was zearalenone (50%), although in concentrations lower than those established in European legislation (100 <i>μ</i>g/Kg). The estimate of the daily zearalenone intake according to the concentrations found was always less than 0.07 <i>μ</i>g/Kg/bw. This is the first report on the determination of 6 mycotoxins in rice grains from Panama by the HPLC-FLD methodology. Considering the high incidence of mycotoxins in the analyzed rice samples, regular control in the production process is recommended to improve quality and ascertain its safety.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17421,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Toxicology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-09-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9463030/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Toxicology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3596768\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"TOXICOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Toxicology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3596768","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"TOXICOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
对巴拿马奇里基(Chiriquí)粮仓中储存的稻米和精米样品中黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素 A 和玉米赤霉烯酮的污染情况进行了评估。研究人员使用免疫亲和柱提取了 23 份样品,并采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、荧光检测器(FLD)和柱后光化学衍生法进行分析。在所用的方法中,黄曲霉毒素(AFB1、AFB2、AFG1、AFG2)和赭曲霉毒素 A 的检出限低于 0.25 微克/千克,玉米赤霉烯酮的检出限为 9.35 微克/千克;定量限分别为 0.25 至 18.75 微克/千克。在分析的样品中,所有水稻样品至少有一种霉菌毒素呈阳性,其中玉米赤霉烯酮的阳性率最高(90.91%);在糙米样品中,玉米赤霉烯酮的阳性率最高(50%),尽管其浓度低于欧洲法律规定的浓度(100 微克/千克)。根据所发现的浓度估算的玉米赤霉烯酮日摄入量始终低于 0.07 微克/千克/体重。这是首次采用高效液相色谱-荧光定量法测定巴拿马稻谷中 6 种霉菌毒素含量的报告。考虑到所分析的大米样品中霉菌毒素的发生率较高,建议在生产过程中定期进行控制,以提高质量,确保安全。
Determination of Mycotoxin Contamination Levels in Rice and Dietary Exposure Assessment.
The contamination by aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone of samples of paddy and polished rice stored in silos located in Chiriquí, Panama, was evaluated. A total of 23 samples were extracted using immunoaffinity columns and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector (FLD) and post-column photochemical derivatization. For the method used, the detection limits were lower than 0.25 μg/Kg for aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) and ochratoxin A and 9.35 μg/Kg for zearalenone; the limits of quantification were between 0.25 and 18.75 μg/Kg, respectively. Of the samples analyzed, all of the paddy rice samples were positive for at least one of the mycotoxins studied, zearalenone being the one found with the highest incidence (90.91%); for the polished rice samples, the mycotoxin with the highest incidence was zearalenone (50%), although in concentrations lower than those established in European legislation (100 μg/Kg). The estimate of the daily zearalenone intake according to the concentrations found was always less than 0.07 μg/Kg/bw. This is the first report on the determination of 6 mycotoxins in rice grains from Panama by the HPLC-FLD methodology. Considering the high incidence of mycotoxins in the analyzed rice samples, regular control in the production process is recommended to improve quality and ascertain its safety.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Toxicology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of toxicological sciences. The journal will consider articles looking at the structure, function, and mechanism of agents that are toxic to humans and/or animals, as well as toxicological medicine, risk assessment, safety evaluation, and environmental health.