S. Kamanli , I. Durmuş , S. Yalçın , U. Yıldırım , Ö. Meral
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Although chick weight was similar among incubation temperature groups, CONT-Inc chicks were heavier than those cyclic incubation temperature groups until 12<!--> <span>wk of age. Incubation temperature had no effect on sexual maturity age and weight and egg production of laying hens. From 27 to 30</span> <!-->wk, regardless of incubation temperature, HEATS hens lost weight from day 0 to 10, had the highest cloacal temperatures and lowest feed consumption and egg production while COLDS hens had the lowest cloacal temperatures. At day 5, T<sub>4</sub><span> level was higher in LOW-Inc hens at COLDS but it was higher in HIGH-Inc hens at HEATS compared to CONT-Inc. These data may suggest a modification in thyroid<span><span> activity of hens that were conditioned during the incubation period. Moreover under COLDS condition, SOD production of LOW-Inc hens was higher than those of CONT- and HIGH-Inc hens indicating an induction in antioxidant </span>enzyme activity<span>. 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引用次数: 13
摘要
本试验旨在研究产前温度调节对蛋鸡孵化和活产性能的影响，以及产蛋期对热、冷应激的响应。选取ATAK-S棕色亲本共3600个卵，分别在对照(37.5°C, con - inc)、低孵育温度(10 - 18 d 36.5°C/6 h/d, low - inc)和高孵育温度(10 - 18 d 38.5°C/6 h/d, high - inc)下孵育。在标准饲养条件下按孵育温度饲养雏鸡至26周。27 ~ 30周，将不同孵育温度下的母鸡分为3个环境控制室，分别在对照组(20±2℃)、低温组(12±2℃)和高温组(32±2℃)下饲养。评估孵化性能、体重、产蛋量、血浆三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)和甲状腺素(T4)水平及氧化和抗氧化活性。LOW-Inc雏鸡的孵化率最高，HIGH-Inc雏鸡的孵化率与con - inc相似。孵育温度对孵化日血浆MDA、GSH-Px、活性和T4浓度无显著影响。LOW- Inc雏鸡的SOD活性和T3浓度高于其他各组。虽然各孵育温度组的雏鸡体重相似，但在12周龄前，con - inc雏鸡均较循环孵育温度组重。孵育温度对蛋鸡性成熟年龄、体重和产蛋量没有影响。在27 ~ 30周，无论孵化温度如何，热蛋鸡在第0 ~ 10天体重减轻，粪腔温度最高，饲料消耗和产蛋量最低，而冷蛋鸡的粪腔温度最低。第5天，低温时低含量母鸡的T4水平高于高温时高含量母鸡的T4水平。这些数据可能表明，在孵化期间进行条件调节的母鸡甲状腺活性发生了变化。低温条件下，低含量蛋鸡的SOD产量高于高含量蛋鸡和高含量蛋鸡，表明其抗氧化酶活性受到了诱导。然而，产蛋母鸡胚胎的产前温度调节对温度应激条件下母鸡的产蛋性能没有优势。
Effect of prenatal temperature conditioning of laying hen embryos: Hatching, live performance and response to heat and cold stress during laying period
This study was designed to determine the effect of prenatal temperature conditioning on hatching and live performance of laying chickens, and response to heat and cold stress during laying period. A total of 3600 eggs obtained from ATAK-S brown parent stock were incubated at control (37.5 °C, CONT-Inc), cyclic low (36.5 °C/6 h/d from 10 to 18 d of incubation, LOW-Inc) or high (38.5 °C/6 h/d from 10–18 d of incubation, HIGH-Inc) incubation temperatures. Hatched chicks per incubation temperature were reared under standard rearing conditions up to 26 wk. From 27 to 30 wk, hens from each incubation temperature were divided into 3 environmentally controlled rooms and reared at control (20±2 °C, CONT-Room), low (12±2 °C, COLDS) or high (32±2 °C, HEATS) temperatures. Hatching performance, body weight, egg production, and plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels and oxidant and antioxidant activities were evaluated.
The highest hatchability was for LOW-Inc chicks while HIGH-Inc chick had similar hatchability to CONT-Inc. There was no effect of incubation temperatures on plasma MDA, GSH-Px, activities and T4 concentrations on day of hatch. LOW- Inc chicks had higher SOD activities and T3 concentrations compared to the other groups. Although chick weight was similar among incubation temperature groups, CONT-Inc chicks were heavier than those cyclic incubation temperature groups until 12 wk of age. Incubation temperature had no effect on sexual maturity age and weight and egg production of laying hens. From 27 to 30 wk, regardless of incubation temperature, HEATS hens lost weight from day 0 to 10, had the highest cloacal temperatures and lowest feed consumption and egg production while COLDS hens had the lowest cloacal temperatures. At day 5, T4 level was higher in LOW-Inc hens at COLDS but it was higher in HIGH-Inc hens at HEATS compared to CONT-Inc. These data may suggest a modification in thyroid activity of hens that were conditioned during the incubation period. Moreover under COLDS condition, SOD production of LOW-Inc hens was higher than those of CONT- and HIGH-Inc hens indicating an induction in antioxidant enzyme activity. Nonetheless, prenatal temperature conditioning of laying hen embryos had no advantage on laying performance of hens under temperature stress conditions.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Thermal Biology publishes articles that advance our knowledge on the ways and mechanisms through which temperature affects man and animals. This includes studies of their responses to these effects and on the ecological consequences. Directly relevant to this theme are:
• The mechanisms of thermal limitation, heat and cold injury, and the resistance of organisms to extremes of temperature
• The mechanisms involved in acclimation, acclimatization and evolutionary adaptation to temperature
• Mechanisms underlying the patterns of hibernation, torpor, dormancy, aestivation and diapause
• Effects of temperature on reproduction and development, growth, ageing and life-span
• Studies on modelling heat transfer between organisms and their environment
• The contributions of temperature to effects of climate change on animal species and man
• Studies of conservation biology and physiology related to temperature
• Behavioural and physiological regulation of body temperature including its pathophysiology and fever
• Medical applications of hypo- and hyperthermia
Article types:
• Original articles
• Review articles
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