{"title":"β-环糊精功能化氧化石墨烯磁分散固相萃取-气相色谱- fid法测定土壤、树叶和水样中的多环芳烃","authors":"Mahshid Majd, Saeed Nojavan","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2021.106852","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A high-performance sorbent was synthesized and used to extract some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene) from environmental samples by using magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction (MdSPE) procedure followed by a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The sorbent was synthesized by grafting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) via hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) as a linker. Prepared magnetic sorbent (MGO/HMDI/β-CD) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The variables that affect the performance of the extraction method were investigated in detail and thoroughly optimized using experimental design and response surface methodology. Under the optimum conditions (sorbent amount: 25 mg, extraction time: 20 min, concentration of NaCl: 27% (w/v), desorption time: 6 min, volume of desorption solvent: 300 µL, and desorption solvent: toluene), enrichment factors were obtained between 46 and 62. The results indicated that the extraction recoveries of these compounds were in the range of 73.0–97.1%. Good linearity within the range of 5.0–1000.0 ng/mL with coefficients of determination higher than 0.984 was achieved. Detection limits were found to be 0.1–0.5 ng/mL, while the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were calculated to be ≤ 8.0% (n = 3). The fabricated sorbent was successfully applied for the extraction and quantification of PAHs in pretreated environmental samples (soil, tree leaves, and river water).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106852"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"13","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil, tree leaves, and water samples by magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction based on β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene oxide followed by GC-FID\",\"authors\":\"Mahshid Majd, Saeed Nojavan\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.microc.2021.106852\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>A high-performance sorbent was synthesized and used to extract some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene) from environmental samples by using magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction (MdSPE) procedure followed by a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The sorbent was synthesized by grafting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) via hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) as a linker. Prepared magnetic sorbent (MGO/HMDI/β-CD) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The variables that affect the performance of the extraction method were investigated in detail and thoroughly optimized using experimental design and response surface methodology. Under the optimum conditions (sorbent amount: 25 mg, extraction time: 20 min, concentration of NaCl: 27% (w/v), desorption time: 6 min, volume of desorption solvent: 300 µL, and desorption solvent: toluene), enrichment factors were obtained between 46 and 62. The results indicated that the extraction recoveries of these compounds were in the range of 73.0–97.1%. Good linearity within the range of 5.0–1000.0 ng/mL with coefficients of determination higher than 0.984 was achieved. Detection limits were found to be 0.1–0.5 ng/mL, while the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were calculated to be ≤ 8.0% (n = 3). The fabricated sorbent was successfully applied for the extraction and quantification of PAHs in pretreated environmental samples (soil, tree leaves, and river water).</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":391,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Microchemical Journal\",\"volume\":\"171 \",\"pages\":\"Article 106852\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"13\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Microchemical Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026265X21009383\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microchemical Journal","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026265X21009383","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil, tree leaves, and water samples by magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction based on β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene oxide followed by GC-FID
A high-performance sorbent was synthesized and used to extract some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene) from environmental samples by using magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction (MdSPE) procedure followed by a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The sorbent was synthesized by grafting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) via hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) as a linker. Prepared magnetic sorbent (MGO/HMDI/β-CD) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The variables that affect the performance of the extraction method were investigated in detail and thoroughly optimized using experimental design and response surface methodology. Under the optimum conditions (sorbent amount: 25 mg, extraction time: 20 min, concentration of NaCl: 27% (w/v), desorption time: 6 min, volume of desorption solvent: 300 µL, and desorption solvent: toluene), enrichment factors were obtained between 46 and 62. The results indicated that the extraction recoveries of these compounds were in the range of 73.0–97.1%. Good linearity within the range of 5.0–1000.0 ng/mL with coefficients of determination higher than 0.984 was achieved. Detection limits were found to be 0.1–0.5 ng/mL, while the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were calculated to be ≤ 8.0% (n = 3). The fabricated sorbent was successfully applied for the extraction and quantification of PAHs in pretreated environmental samples (soil, tree leaves, and river water).
期刊介绍:
The Microchemical Journal is a peer reviewed journal devoted to all aspects and phases of analytical chemistry and chemical analysis. The Microchemical Journal publishes articles which are at the forefront of modern analytical chemistry and cover innovations in the techniques to the finest possible limits. This includes fundamental aspects, instrumentation, new developments, innovative and novel methods and applications including environmental and clinical field.
Traditional classical analytical methods such as spectrophotometry and titrimetry as well as established instrumentation methods such as flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, gas chromatography, and modified glassy or carbon electrode electrochemical methods will be considered, provided they show significant improvements and novelty compared to the established methods.