[在认知神经科学的显微镜下审视自我:从自我意识到他人意识]。

Céline Duval, Béatrice Desgranges, Francis Eustache, Pascale Piolino
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引用次数: 17

摘要

认知神经科学对自我的概念感兴趣,源于两个混乱的方面。这个概念涉及到关于我们自己的一系列个人复杂和多维的心理表征,以及与之相关的自我意识流。它是个人身份的基础,与个人经历的主观性有关,是时间连续性的核心。在自我心理表征的构建中,他人的存在似乎是必不可少的;这就是为什么自我的概念与心智理论(ToM)密切相关。ToM对应于推断他人的表征或心理状态的能力。尽管self和ToM的研究经常在两个不同的领域进行,但这两个概念似乎有着共同的过程。最近的影像学研究证实了这一观点。在自我或ToM任务的实现过程中,发现一个共同的神经网络(主要是正中前额叶皮层和楔前叶)被激活。因此,我们表达自己和他人想法的能力可能有着相似的大脑起源。因此,自我意识和他人意识可以被认为是一种双向互动,以个人身份和他人知识为基础,调节行为和社会互动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Looking at the self under the microscope of cognitive neurosciences: from self-consciousness to consciousness of others].

Cognitive neurosciences are interested in the concept of self, resulting from two muddled aspects. This concept relates to both a set of personal complex and multidimensional mental representations about ourselves and the flow of self-consciousness which is associated. It grounds individual identity and is related to the subjectivity of the personal experiences, at the core of continuity over the time. The existence of others seems essential in the construction of self mental representations; that is why the concept of self is strongly related to the theory of mind (ToM). ToM corresponds to the capacity to infer representations or mental states to others. Even if self and ToM researches are often carried out in two distinct fields, it seems like these two concepts share common processes. Recent imaging studies comfort this idea. Activations in a common neuronal network (principally median prefrontal cortex and precuneus) were found during the realization of self or ToM tasks. Thus, our capacity to represent our thoughts and others' one coud have a similar cerebral origin. Self-consciousness and consciousness of others could then be considered as a bidirectional interaction at the very bases of both individual identity and the other's knowledge, which regulate behavior and social interactions.

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