[在生理老化中客体的结构和感知表征的退化?]。

Nathalie Ehrlé, Amandine Goudour, Aurélie Legrand, Serge Bakchine
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引用次数: 7

摘要

本实验室以往收集的健康老年人的数据表明,在正常的衰老过程中,视觉和听觉对象加工出现了损伤。这种损伤似乎与简单的知觉缺陷无关。本研究的目的是根据物体识别的一系列模型,通过将识别能力从视觉和听觉刺激、感知表征(视觉和听觉)和对同一62个物体的语义知识中分离出来,来确定这种障碍的机制。53名健康受试者按年龄分为3组(20-30岁,n = 17;40-50岁,n = 14;60-95岁,n = 22)。他们进行了一系列评估视觉和听觉命名,对语义知识和感知视觉属性的判断,以及对相同物体的感知听觉属性的匹配。与其他两组相比,老年参与者在两种模式下的命名任务表现较差,在两种模式下的感知特性表现也较差。然而,在语义任务上没有发现显著的统计学差异。研究发现,年龄和四项任务的得分之间存在显著的相关性,年龄大的参与者比年龄小的参与者得分低。在两组年轻人之间没有发现统计学差异,但在感知特性上显示出一种趋势。因此,对物体的感知表征的退化似乎存在于正常的衰老中,但这种退化的性质必须加以说明。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Towards a deterioration of the structural and perceptive representations of objects in physiological aging?].

Previous data collected in healthy elderly participants by our laboratory suggested impairment of visual and auditory object processing in normal aging. This impairment seemed not to be related to simple perceptual deficits. The aim of the present study was to identify the mechanism of this disorder according to serial models of object recognition, by dissociating the recognition abilities using naming tasks from a visual and from auditory stimuli, perceptual representations (visual and auditory), and semantic knowledge on the same 62 objects. Fifty three healthy participants were divided in three groups according to age (20-30 years, n = 17; 40-50 years, n = 14; 60-95 years, n = 22). They performed a battery assessing visual and auditory naming, judgement on semantic knowledge and perceptual visual properties, and matching of perceptual auditory properties of the same objects. The aged participants had lower performance on the naming tasks in both modalities, and worse perceptual properties performances again for both modalities than the other two groups. However, no significantly statistical difference was found on the semantic task. A significant correlation was found between age and the scores on each of the four tasks on which aged participants had lower scores than the youngest ones. No statistical difference was found between the two younger groups, but a trend was shown for the perceptual properties. Thus a degradation of perceptual representations of objects seems to be present in normal aging, but the nature of this degradation has to be specified.

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