莴苣(Lactuca sativa)与其野生近缘植物(L. serriola)在田间条件下的杂交率。

Environmental biosafety research Pub Date : 2008-04-01 Epub Date: 2008-05-30 DOI:10.1051/ebr:2008006
Luigi D'Andrea, François Felber, Roberto Guadagnuolo
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引用次数: 36

摘要

作物与野生近缘植物之间的杂交和引种可能会产生重要的进化和生态后果,如基因沼泽化或入侵性增加。在本研究中,我们调查了农作物莴苣(Lactuca sativa)与其野生近缘植物刺莴苣(L. serriola)在田间条件下的杂交情况。2003 年和 2004 年,我们在瑞士北部的两个地方进行了接近实际的田间试验,对莴苣和刺莴苣之间的杂交率进行了估计。我们收集并播种了实验野生植物的种子(2003 年为 44 352 粒,2004 年为 252 345 粒)。对后代进行形态学筛选,以发现天然杂交种。实验前,使用特定的 RAPD 标记确认形态特征对杂交鉴定的可靠性。杂交发生在测试的最大距离(40 米)内,杂交率在 0% 到 26% 之间,随着距离的增加而降低。在同域作物-野生种群中,栽培莴苣与其野生近缘种之间的异花授粉在短距离内被视为常规而非例外。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Hybridization rates between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative (L. serriola) under field conditions.

Hybridization and introgression between crops and wild relatives may have important evolutionary and ecological consequences such as gene swamping or increased invasiveness. In the present study, we investigated hybridization under field conditions between crop lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative prickly lettuce (L. serriola), two cross-compatible, predominantly autogamous and insect pollinated species. In 2003 and 2004, we estimated the rates of hybridization between L. sativa and L. serriola in close-to-reality field experiments carried out in two locations of Northern Switzerland. Seeds set by the experimental wild plants were collected and sown (44 352 in 2003 and 252 345 in 2004). Progeny was screened morphologically for detecting natural hybrids. Prior to the experiment, specific RAPD markers were used to confirm that morphological characters were reliable for hybrid identification. Hybridization occurred up to the maximal distance tested (40 m), and hybridization rates varied between 0 to 26%, decreasing with distance. More than 80% of the wild plants produced at least one hybrid (incidence of hybridization, IH) at 0 m and 1 m. It equaled 4 to 5% at 40 m. In sympatric crop-wild populations, cross-pollination between cultivated lettuce and its wild relative has to be seen as the rule rather than the exception for short distances.

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