小黑麦(X triticcoscale Wittmack)与普通小麦、硬粒小麦和黑麦的杂交性能评价。

Environmental biosafety research Pub Date : 2007-10-01 Epub Date: 2008-02-21 DOI:10.1051/ebr:2007046
Melissa J Hills, Linda M Hall, Doug F Messenger, Robert J Graf, Brian L Beres, François Eudes
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引用次数: 36

摘要

开发转基因小黑麦作为新型生物工业产品的平台是基于环境生物安全评估,量化其释放相关的潜在风险。花粉介导的基因向近缘种和常规小黑麦品种流动是转基因运动的一个途径。在温室条件下,通过去雄和手授粉对小黑麦进行了一级定量杂交。两个小黑麦基因型:现代小黑麦品种(AC Alta)和初级小黑麦(89TT108),以及普通小麦、硬粒小麦和黑麦,每个杂交及其互交进行了大约2000次人工授粉。记录异交频率、杂种种子外观和重量、F(1)出苗率和育性。小黑麦基因型间异交、F(1)出苗率和育仔率较高。种间杂交受品种、亲本基因型和性别的影响。以小黑麦为父本的普通小麦和硬粒小麦杂交,异交率分别为>或=73.0%和>或=69.5%,而以小黑麦为母本的异交率分别为<或=23.9%和<或=3.0%。总体而言,与黑麦的异交率低于与普通小麦和硬粒小麦的异交率。F(1)当小黑麦为母本时,杂种羽化率更高。当小黑麦为父本时,除单粒种子外,所有小麦-小黑麦F(1)杂交种子均不具活力。163粒硬粒小麦-小黑麦F(1)杂交种共7个,均以小黑麦89TT108为母本。用黑麦播种38粒种子,得到8个F(1)杂交种,全部由AC Alta杂交产生;5只以AC Alta为母本,3只为父本。除了以小黑麦为母本的普通小麦与小黑麦杂交外,种间杂交种F(1)是自育的。二级杂交定量将在田间条件下进行。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of crossability between triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) and common wheat, durum wheat and rye.

Development of transgenic triticale as a platform for novel bio-industrial products is predicated on an environmental biosafety assessment that quantifies the potential risks associated with its release. Pollen-mediated gene flow to related species and conventional triticale varieties is one pathway for transgene movement. A tier 1 quantification of triticale hybridization was conducted by emasculating and hand pollinating flowers under greenhouse conditions. Approximately 2000 manual pollinations were conducted for each cross and its reciprocal between two triticale genotypes: a modern triticale cultivar (AC Alta) and primary triticale (89TT108), and common wheat, durum wheat and rye. The frequency of outcrossing, hybrid seed appearance and weight, and F(1) emergence and fertility were recorded. Outcrossing, F(1) emergence and fertility rates were high from crosses between triticale genotypes. Outcrossing in inter-specific crosses was influenced by the species, and the genotype and gender of the triticale parent. In crosses to common and durum wheat where triticale was the male parent, outcrossing was > or =73.0% and > or =69.5%, respectively, but < or =23.9% and < or =3.0% when triticale was the female parent. Overall, outcrossing with rye was lower than with common and durum wheat. F(1) hybrid emergence was greater when triticale was the female parent. With the exception of a single seed, all wheat-triticale F(1) hybrid seeds were non-viable when triticale was the male parent in the cross. Only seven durum wheat-triticale F(1) hybrids emerged from 163 seeds sown, and all were produced with triticale 89TT108 as female parent. With rye, 8 F(1) hybrids emerged from 38 seeds sown, and all were produced from crosses to AC Alta; five with AC Alta as the female parent and three as the male. Interspecific F(1) hybrids were self-sterile, with the exception of those produced in crosses between common wheat and triticale where triticale was the female parent. Tier 2 hybridization quantification will be conducted under field conditions.

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