前列腺神经内分泌细胞:组织学、生物学功能和分子机制。

IF 5.1 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Precision Clinical Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-28 eCollection Date: 2021-03-01 DOI:10.1093/pcmedi/pbab003
William Butler, Jiaoti Huang
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引用次数: 18

摘要

前列腺癌(PCa)是全球男性癌症相关死亡的常见原因。尽管大多数男性被诊断为低级别、有治愈潜力的惰性肿瘤,但有相当一部分人发展为晚期疾病,需要针对雄激素受体(AR)进行激素治疗。尽管激素治疗最初有效果,但最终会失败,即使持续抑制AR,肿瘤也会发展到致命阶段。这篇综述文章主要关注前列腺癌细胞异质性在治疗抵抗和疾病进展中的作用。尽管ar阳性发光型细胞占PCa细胞的绝大多数,但仍有一小部分ar阴性神经内分泌(NE)细胞对激素治疗有抗性,并因治疗而丰富。此外,现在人们普遍认为,激素治疗的肿瘤中有很大一部分会复发为小细胞神经内分泌癌(SCNC),这进一步强调了除了更丰富的发光型癌细胞外,靶向NE细胞的重要性。虽然人们早就认识到NE细胞存在于前列腺癌中,但它们在良性前列腺中的潜在功能和促进前列腺癌进展的分子机制仍然知之甚少。在本文中,我们综述了NE细胞在良性前列腺癌和前列腺癌中的形态和功能及其潜在的分子机制。此外,我们回顾了从普通腺癌组织学转变为高致死性SCNC的主要报道机制,这是晚期PCa管理中的一个重大临床挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Neuroendocrine cells of the prostate: Histology, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms.

Neuroendocrine cells of the prostate: Histology, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms.

Neuroendocrine cells of the prostate: Histology, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms.

Neuroendocrine cells of the prostate: Histology, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. Although most men are diagnosed with low grade, indolent tumors that are potentially curable, a significant subset develops advanced disease where hormone therapy is required to target the androgen receptor (AR). Despite its initial effect, hormone therapy eventually fails and the tumor progresses to lethal stages even through continued inhibition of AR. This review article focuses on the role of PCa cellular heterogeneity in therapy resistance and disease progression. Although AR-positive luminal-type cells represent the vast majority of PCa cells, there exists a minor component of AR-negative neuroendocrine (NE) cells that are resistant to hormonal therapy and are enriched by the treatment. In addition, it is now well accepted that a significant subset of hormonally treated tumors recur as small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC), further highlighting the importance of targeting NE cells in addition to the more abundant luminal-type cancer cells. Although it has been long recognized that NE cells are present in PCa, their underlying function in benign prostate and molecular mechanisms contributing to PCa progression remains poorly understood. In this article, we review the morphology and function of NE cells in benign prostate and PCa as well as underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, we review the major reported mechanisms for transformation from common adenocarcinoma histology to the highly lethal SCNC, a significant clinical challenge in the management of advanced PCa.

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来源期刊
Precision Clinical Medicine
Precision Clinical Medicine MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
10.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
5 weeks
期刊介绍: Precision Clinical Medicine (PCM) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal that provides timely publication of original research articles, case reports, reviews, editorials, and perspectives across the spectrum of precision medicine. The journal's mission is to deliver new theories, methods, and evidence that enhance disease diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis, thereby establishing a vital communication platform for clinicians and researchers that has the potential to transform medical practice. PCM encompasses all facets of precision medicine, which involves personalized approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, tailored to individual patients or patient subgroups based on their unique genetic, phenotypic, or psychosocial profiles. The clinical conditions addressed by the journal include a wide range of areas such as cancer, infectious diseases, inherited diseases, complex diseases, and rare diseases.
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