Setareh Alabaf , Brian Kirkpatrick , Shanquan Chen , Rudolf N. Cardinal , Emilio Fernandez-Egea
{"title":"缺乏性和非缺乏性精神分裂症的早期和晚期危险因素","authors":"Setareh Alabaf , Brian Kirkpatrick , Shanquan Chen , Rudolf N. Cardinal , Emilio Fernandez-Egea","doi":"10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.03.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>We examined whether timing of known risk factors for schizophrenia may influence the development of schizophrenia with primary negative symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This cross-sectional single-centre study in England used a clinical cohort of 167 clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients. Deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia models were used as clinical proxies of patients with and without primary negative symptoms respectively. Patients were assessed using the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome. We examined previously replicated risk factors (family history of psychosis, advanced paternal age, male gender, birth weight <3000<!--> <!-->g, summer birth, cannabis use, exposure to physical or sexual abuse and/or bullying) as well as other traumatic events for deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found a distinct risk factor pattern for the two groups. Compared to the nondeficit group, patients with deficit schizophrenia reported a significantly lower prevalence of cannabis use (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005) at the time of first-episode psychosis (FEP), physical or sexual abuse (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.033) prior to FEP, less exposure to crime-related traumatic events (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.012) and significantly associated with summer birth (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.017). The groups did not differ in terms of family history of psychosis, advanced paternal age, male gender, or low birth weight. To account for multiple comparisons, a confirmatory analysis was performed using logistic regression which yielded similar results except that summer birth no longer reached statistical significance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results suggest the timing of the insult may influence the symptom presentation, with insults later in life (cannabis or traumatic events) being associated with psychotic presentation and less with primary negative symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21391,"journal":{"name":"Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989121000331/pdfft?md5=a1c6aa9ce7c5d2e9751d2abee415eb9a&pid=1-s2.0-S1888989121000331-main.pdf","citationCount":"5","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Early versus late risk factors for deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia\",\"authors\":\"Setareh Alabaf , Brian Kirkpatrick , Shanquan Chen , Rudolf N. Cardinal , Emilio Fernandez-Egea\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.03.002\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>We examined whether timing of known risk factors for schizophrenia may influence the development of schizophrenia with primary negative symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This cross-sectional single-centre study in England used a clinical cohort of 167 clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients. Deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia models were used as clinical proxies of patients with and without primary negative symptoms respectively. Patients were assessed using the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome. We examined previously replicated risk factors (family history of psychosis, advanced paternal age, male gender, birth weight <3000<!--> <!-->g, summer birth, cannabis use, exposure to physical or sexual abuse and/or bullying) as well as other traumatic events for deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found a distinct risk factor pattern for the two groups. Compared to the nondeficit group, patients with deficit schizophrenia reported a significantly lower prevalence of cannabis use (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005) at the time of first-episode psychosis (FEP), physical or sexual abuse (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.033) prior to FEP, less exposure to crime-related traumatic events (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.012) and significantly associated with summer birth (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.017). The groups did not differ in terms of family history of psychosis, advanced paternal age, male gender, or low birth weight. To account for multiple comparisons, a confirmatory analysis was performed using logistic regression which yielded similar results except that summer birth no longer reached statistical significance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results suggest the timing of the insult may influence the symptom presentation, with insults later in life (cannabis or traumatic events) being associated with psychotic presentation and less with primary negative symptoms.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21391,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989121000331/pdfft?md5=a1c6aa9ce7c5d2e9751d2abee415eb9a&pid=1-s2.0-S1888989121000331-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"5\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989121000331\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHIATRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989121000331","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Early versus late risk factors for deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia
Aim
We examined whether timing of known risk factors for schizophrenia may influence the development of schizophrenia with primary negative symptoms.
Method
This cross-sectional single-centre study in England used a clinical cohort of 167 clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients. Deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia models were used as clinical proxies of patients with and without primary negative symptoms respectively. Patients were assessed using the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome. We examined previously replicated risk factors (family history of psychosis, advanced paternal age, male gender, birth weight <3000 g, summer birth, cannabis use, exposure to physical or sexual abuse and/or bullying) as well as other traumatic events for deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.
Results
We found a distinct risk factor pattern for the two groups. Compared to the nondeficit group, patients with deficit schizophrenia reported a significantly lower prevalence of cannabis use (p = 0.005) at the time of first-episode psychosis (FEP), physical or sexual abuse (p = 0.033) prior to FEP, less exposure to crime-related traumatic events (p = 0.012) and significantly associated with summer birth (p = 0.017). The groups did not differ in terms of family history of psychosis, advanced paternal age, male gender, or low birth weight. To account for multiple comparisons, a confirmatory analysis was performed using logistic regression which yielded similar results except that summer birth no longer reached statistical significance.
Conclusion
Our results suggest the timing of the insult may influence the symptom presentation, with insults later in life (cannabis or traumatic events) being associated with psychotic presentation and less with primary negative symptoms.
期刊介绍:
The Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health (SJPMH), incorporated into ISSN 1888-9891, is the official scientific publication of the Spanish Society of Psychiatry and Mental Health. The journal focuses on studying mental illnesses, their pathological processes, and their psychosocial consequences, and aims to disseminate scientific advances in all areas related to mental health and illness. SJPMH accepts unpublished works on psychiatry and mental health, including their medical and social implications. The journal provides space for research in the biological, clinical, and psychosocial fields. Manuscripts undergo peer-review by external reviewers before being accepted for publication. SJPMH is indexed in Index Medicus/Medline, IBECS, Social Sciences Citation Index Journal Citation Reports/Social Sciences Edition, and Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences.