Clinical pharmacology in Eastern European countries.

The current status of clinical pharmacology (CP) in the countries of the former Eastern block is presented. The difficulties in obtaining an accurate comparative view are pointed out. CP is unevenly developed in Eastern European countries and the number of hours devoted to basic/clinical pharmacology differs considerably 100/nil to 240/50. The same is true for the orientation of clinical pharmacology, where present. It is mainly basic in only a few countries (Rumania, Turkey, some parts of the former Yugoslavia) and mainly clinical in Czecho-Slovakia, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Greece. The number of CP units and CP specialists varies greatly as well (from none to more than 10 per country). The awareness that CP, in many countries is still young and the branch of (clinical) medicine is of great importance, not only for rational pharmacotherapy but also for other services as well, education and research is growing. In spite of the fact that the present status of CP in Eastern European countries is generally unsatisfactory, there are realistic chances that in the (near?) future, CP will develop to match the activities now present in the more developed countries.