酗酒者再饮酒预防措施的研究

M Murayama, S Higuchi, M Hayashida
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们对导致酗酒者开始饮酒的原因或情况以及克服对酒精的渴望的措施进行了问卷调查。研究对象为187名酗酒者(平均年龄;53.9±9.9),均为栗滨国立医院门诊患者或日本戒酒协会会员。在调查期间,他们的平均禁欲期为43.6个月。为了检验人口背景、开始饮酒的原因、克服渴望的措施等各种因素与禁酒期的长短之间的关系,研究对象按禁酒期分为两组;长期组(戒断24个月及以上)88例,短期组(戒断24个月以下)99例。至于最后一次喝酒的原因,“心理问题”所占比例最高(20.3%),其次是无理由开始喝酒(17.7%)。克服贪爱最常用的方法是“思考自己的生活”(34.8%)、“联系自助团体”(22.5%)及“思考自助团体”(20.9%)。有趣的是,不含酒精的饮料经常被用来克服渴望;长期治疗组最常喝咖啡或茶和不含酒精的苏打水,短期治疗组最常喝咖啡或茶和牛奶。这项研究的结果表明,没有特别的情况或重要的原因,特别诱导酗酒者对酒精的渴望。他们采取各种措施来克服渴望。从控制渴望的角度来看,这项研究再次证实了自助团体对维持长期戒断的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[A study on preventive measures for redrinking in alcoholics].

We conducted a questionnaire survey on reasons or situations that lead alcoholics to start drinking alcohol, and measures to overcome the craving for alcohol. The subjects were 187 alcoholics (mean age; 53.9 +/- 9.9) who were outpatients of Kurihama National Hospital or the members of "Danshu-kai" (Japan Sobriety Association). Their mean abstinent period at the time of this survey was 43.6 months. To examine the relationship between various factors such as demographic backgrounds, reasons to start drinking, and measures to overcome craving and the length of abstinent periods, the subjects were divided into two groups in terms of abstinent periods; long-term group (24 months or more of abstinence, 88 cases) and short-term group (less than 24 months of abstinence, 99 cases). As reasons for taking the last drink, "psychological problems" showed the highest percentage (20.3%), followed by starting drink without any reason (17.7%). Measures used most frequently to overcome craving were "thinking about their own lives" (34.8%), "contacting self-help groups" (22.5%), and "thinking about self-help groups" (20.9%). Interestingly, non-alcoholic beverages were often used to overcome craving; coffee or tea and non-alcoholic soda were most frequently used in the long-term group, and coffee or tea and milk in the short-term group. The results of this study suggest that there is no particular situation or reason of significance that specifically induces the craving for alcohol in alcoholics. They took various measures to overcome craving. From the viewpoint of managing craving, this study reconfirmed the significant importance of self-help groups for sustaining long-term abstinence.

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