主动性在早期情感发展中的作用。第二学期的组织]。

La psychiatrie de l'enfant Pub Date : 1994-01-01
J M Hoffmann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇文章描述了情感生活第二学期中最重要的事件。根据经验数据和作者设计的各种技术,描述了与其他理论和其他观察结果的收敛点。真实自我(核心)的自发姿态和基本表达表明,作为动力的组织者,主动性和自我体验在心灵的构建中起着核心作用。这些元素代表了组织的第一级。环境的作用被认为是促进或抑制这一发展。这些态度的原因可以在母亲的幻想世界和她的前意识态度中找到。在母性功能中,作者强调的是放大意义上的镜像功能。同时,主动意志的发展可以在旨在支持主动性的战斗和对抗行为中观察到。环境努力抑制这些行为导致顺从。后者发展为两种类型的病理:1)反应病理,形成“虚假自我”;2)过度适应病理,主要是心身障碍。作者目前探讨的谈判的可能性提出了一些有趣的进一步研究,这些研究可能对预防和早期干预的理论和临床实践产生重要影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[The role of initiative in early emotional development. Organization of the second semester].

This article describes the most significant events in the second semester of emotional life. Based on empirical data and on various techniques devised by the author, points of convergence with other theories and other observations are described. Spontaneous gestures and essential expressions of the true (nuclear) self suggest that initiative, as an organizer of motricity, and self experience play a central role in the construction of the psyche. These elements would represent a first level of organization. The role of environment is considered as facilitating or inhibiting this development. The reasons of these attitudes are to be found in the fantasy world of the mother and in her preconscious attitudes. Among maternal functions, the author emphasizes mirror function in the enlarged sense he suggests. Simultaneously initiative, development of active will can be observed in the fights and confronting behaviors which aim at supporting initiative. Environmental efforts to suppress these behaviors lead to submission. The latter develops into two types of pathology: 1) reaction pathology with formation of a "false self" and 2) over-adaptation pathology with predominant psychosomatic disturbances. The possibility of negotiating, presently explored by he author, suggests some interesting further research that could have important bearings on theory and clinical practice, both in prevention and early intervention.

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