Gabriel Schäfer*, Muhamed Ahmetovic, Tony Fleischer, Stefan Abele
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Development of a Scalable Route for a Highly Polar Heterocyclic Aminocyclopropyl Building Block
A robust and scalable route toward key heterocyclic building block 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)cyclopropan-1-amine hydrochloride from cyclopropanated starting material 1-amino-1-cyclopropanecarbonitrile hydrochloride was successfully developed. The key to success was the construction of a pyrimidine ring via cyclization from an amidine intermediate and a bench-stable 2-chloro vinamidinium hexafluorophosphate salt. The cyclization was performed under mild conditions, and the resulting 4-cloropyrimidine derivative was isolated in high yield and purity. The final hydrogenation was intensively optimized: A combination of Pd(OH)2/C as a catalyst and NaOMe as a base at 1 bar H2 pressure in MeOH simultaneously cleaved the Cbz group and dechlorinated the pyrimidine ring while at the same time suppressing the over-reduction of the pyrimidine ring to below 1.0%. After acidification with HCl, followed by removal of the catalyst and NaCl by filtration, the final product was isolated in high yield and purity as a bench-stable off-white solid. The overall yield of the five-step sequence was 57%.
期刊介绍:
The journal Organic Process Research & Development serves as a communication tool between industrial chemists and chemists working in universities and research institutes. As such, it reports original work from the broad field of industrial process chemistry but also presents academic results that are relevant, or potentially relevant, to industrial applications. Process chemistry is the science that enables the safe, environmentally benign and ultimately economical manufacturing of organic compounds that are required in larger amounts to help address the needs of society. Consequently, the Journal encompasses every aspect of organic chemistry, including all aspects of catalysis, synthetic methodology development and synthetic strategy exploration, but also includes aspects from analytical and solid-state chemistry and chemical engineering, such as work-up tools,process safety, or flow-chemistry. The goal of development and optimization of chemical reactions and processes is their transfer to a larger scale; original work describing such studies and the actual implementation on scale is highly relevant to the journal. However, studies on new developments from either industry, research institutes or academia that have not yet been demonstrated on scale, but where an industrial utility can be expected and where the study has addressed important prerequisites for a scale-up and has given confidence into the reliability and practicality of the chemistry, also serve the mission of OPR&D as a communication tool between the different contributors to the field.