临床,血液学和病理反应在严重热应激转向与生存的特殊参考阈值。

S Terui, S Ishino, K Matsuda, Y Shoji, K Ambo, T Tsuda
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了找出最终导致牛因热应激而死亡的生理反应临界点,将4头重约300公斤的荷斯坦牛安置在人工气候室内,分别暴露在以下室温和相对湿度下:35°C和70%,36°C和80%,38°C和70%,42°C和60%。在牛热负荷期间进行了连续的临床和血液学检查,并在它们死亡或屠宰后进行了病理检查。所有牛均出现喘气、直肠温度升高、蠕动减少或消失、唾液增多、皮肤反射功能障碍、白细胞计数和颈静脉血CO2压(Pco2)值显著降低。在热应激结束时,动物如果满足以下条件就可以存活:(1)直肠温度低于42.7℃;(2)呼吸速率在暴露期间未降至最高速率的一半(约100次/分钟);(3)蠕动和皮肤反射几乎完全消失;(4)白细胞计数未降至正常水平的50%以下;(5)静脉血Pco2值维持在15 mmHg以上。在两例死亡病例中,在身体后部的骨骼肌中发现了具有煮肉样的浑浊变色。在热应激释放几天后屠宰的任何其他阉牛均未发现显著变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Clinical, hematological and pathological responses in severely heat-stressed steers with special reference to the threshold value for survival.

To find out a critical point of physiological responses of steers which would finally lead to death due to heat stress, four Holstein steers weighing about 300 kg were housed in an artificial climatic room and exposed to each of the following room temperature and relative humidity: 35 degrees C and 70 per cent, 36 degrees C and 80 per cent, 38 degrees C and 70 per cent, and 42 degrees C and 60 per cent. Sequential clinical and hematological examinations were carried out during thermal loads on the steers, and pathological examinations after their death or slaughter. All the steers manifested panting, rise of rectal temperature, reduction or disappearance of peristalsis, hypersalivation, dysfunction of the skin reflex, and remarkable decrease in white blood cell count and pressure of CO2 (Pco2) value of jugular blood. At the end of heat stress, an animal would be survived if it meet the following conditions: (1) rectal temperature was below 42.7 degrees C, (2) the respiration rate did not decrease to one half (about 100/minute) of the maximum rate during the exposure period, (3) peristalsis and skin reflex disappeared almost completely, (4) the white blood cell count did not decrease to less than 50 per cent of the normal level, and (5) the Pco2 value of venous blood was maintained at a level of more than 15 mmHg. Cloudy discoloration with a boiled-meat appearance was noticed in the skeletal muscle of the hind part of the body in two dead cases. No significant changes were detected in any other steer slaughtered several days after release from the thermal stress.

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