A biochemical and histopathological analysis of spirulina's effect on liver and kidney function in male rats.

Background: Spirulina contains a variety of biological molecules including protein, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and colors. Spirulina can aid in the prevention and management of certain metabolic disorders such as diabetes, heart disease, and hyperglycemia.

Aim: The objective of this study is to determine adverse effects of two doses (1000 and 1500 mg/kg body weight) of supplemental spirulina on liver and kidneys in vivo.

Material and methods: Three groups of adult male albino rats weighing 150-200 g were created: G1 was the control group; G2 received a spirulina treatment at a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight; and G3 received a spirulina treatment at a dose of 1500 mg/kg body weight. Rats were orally administered spirulina supplement for 28 d. Biochemical analysis was performed to determine liver and kidney function by measuring the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea, and creatinine. The liver and kidney were dissected for histopathological examination.

Result: Spirulina caused biochemical changes and histopathological alterations in liver and kidney tissue in dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion: Administering excessive amounts of Spirulina without supervision might lead to biochemical disturbances and pathological alterations in vital organs. Thus, utilizing spirulina as a dietary supplement needs to be taken with prudence.