{"title":"规则黑洞、黑反弹、虫洞和静态四极时空的仅限边界的弱偏转","authors":"Reggie C. Pantig, Ali Övgün","doi":"10.1002/prop.70138","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>We apply the boundary-only isothermal formulation of finite-distance weak gravitational deflection to regular black holes, black-bounces, traversable wormholes, non-asymptotically flat backgrounds, and static quadrupolar spacetimes. The methodological advance is not a new value for a known bending angle. It is a metric-level reduction that removes the Gaussian-curvature area integral before any particular spacetime is chosen. Local conformal flatness converts the bulk term in the Gauss–Bonnet construction into boundary information from the isothermal conformal factor, while the logarithmic conformal derivative provides a normalization-invariant input that does not require a photon sphere, a circular null orbit, or an auxiliary calibration radius. At leading weak-field order, the source and receiver dependence is carried by a reusable set of endpoint functions, whereas the spacetime dependence is carried by the radial expansion of a single boundary datum. This separation is useful when the relevant circular orbit is absent, nonunique, or unrelated to the observed ray, and when asymptotic scattering is unavailable. We demonstrate this scope using Bardeen, Hayward, and Ayón-Beato–García regular black holes, the Simpson–Visser family, Ellis–Bronnikov and Morris–Thorne wormholes, Schwarzschild–global-monopole and Mannheim–Kazanas backgrounds, and the equatorial sectors of Zipoy–Voorhees and Erez–Rosen geometries. These applications serve as stress tests and expose a common classification of mass, charge, throat, regular-core, conical-background, cosmological-background, and quadrupolar terms. The present formulation is restricted to static regions with a Riemannian equatorial optical metric and a suitable isothermal covering. The explicit model corrections reported here are leading straight-ray boundary contributions, not complete higher-order post-Minkowskian deflection angles.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4000,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.70138","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Boundary-Only Weak Deflection by Regular Black Holes, Black-Bounces, Wormholes, and Static Quadrupolar Spacetimes\",\"authors\":\"Reggie C. Pantig, Ali Övgün\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/prop.70138\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>We apply the boundary-only isothermal formulation of finite-distance weak gravitational deflection to regular black holes, black-bounces, traversable wormholes, non-asymptotically flat backgrounds, and static quadrupolar spacetimes. The methodological advance is not a new value for a known bending angle. It is a metric-level reduction that removes the Gaussian-curvature area integral before any particular spacetime is chosen. Local conformal flatness converts the bulk term in the Gauss–Bonnet construction into boundary information from the isothermal conformal factor, while the logarithmic conformal derivative provides a normalization-invariant input that does not require a photon sphere, a circular null orbit, or an auxiliary calibration radius. At leading weak-field order, the source and receiver dependence is carried by a reusable set of endpoint functions, whereas the spacetime dependence is carried by the radial expansion of a single boundary datum. This separation is useful when the relevant circular orbit is absent, nonunique, or unrelated to the observed ray, and when asymptotic scattering is unavailable. We demonstrate this scope using Bardeen, Hayward, and Ayón-Beato–García regular black holes, the Simpson–Visser family, Ellis–Bronnikov and Morris–Thorne wormholes, Schwarzschild–global-monopole and Mannheim–Kazanas backgrounds, and the equatorial sectors of Zipoy–Voorhees and Erez–Rosen geometries. These applications serve as stress tests and expose a common classification of mass, charge, throat, regular-core, conical-background, cosmological-background, and quadrupolar terms. The present formulation is restricted to static regions with a Riemannian equatorial optical metric and a suitable isothermal covering. The explicit model corrections reported here are leading straight-ray boundary contributions, not complete higher-order post-Minkowskian deflection angles.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":55150,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics\",\"volume\":\"74 8\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2026-08-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.70138\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/prop.70138\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/prop.70138","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Boundary-Only Weak Deflection by Regular Black Holes, Black-Bounces, Wormholes, and Static Quadrupolar Spacetimes
We apply the boundary-only isothermal formulation of finite-distance weak gravitational deflection to regular black holes, black-bounces, traversable wormholes, non-asymptotically flat backgrounds, and static quadrupolar spacetimes. The methodological advance is not a new value for a known bending angle. It is a metric-level reduction that removes the Gaussian-curvature area integral before any particular spacetime is chosen. Local conformal flatness converts the bulk term in the Gauss–Bonnet construction into boundary information from the isothermal conformal factor, while the logarithmic conformal derivative provides a normalization-invariant input that does not require a photon sphere, a circular null orbit, or an auxiliary calibration radius. At leading weak-field order, the source and receiver dependence is carried by a reusable set of endpoint functions, whereas the spacetime dependence is carried by the radial expansion of a single boundary datum. This separation is useful when the relevant circular orbit is absent, nonunique, or unrelated to the observed ray, and when asymptotic scattering is unavailable. We demonstrate this scope using Bardeen, Hayward, and Ayón-Beato–García regular black holes, the Simpson–Visser family, Ellis–Bronnikov and Morris–Thorne wormholes, Schwarzschild–global-monopole and Mannheim–Kazanas backgrounds, and the equatorial sectors of Zipoy–Voorhees and Erez–Rosen geometries. These applications serve as stress tests and expose a common classification of mass, charge, throat, regular-core, conical-background, cosmological-background, and quadrupolar terms. The present formulation is restricted to static regions with a Riemannian equatorial optical metric and a suitable isothermal covering. The explicit model corrections reported here are leading straight-ray boundary contributions, not complete higher-order post-Minkowskian deflection angles.
期刊介绍:
The journal Fortschritte der Physik - Progress of Physics is a pure online Journal (since 2013).
Fortschritte der Physik - Progress of Physics is devoted to the theoretical and experimental studies of fundamental constituents of matter and their interactions e. g. elementary particle physics, classical and quantum field theory, the theory of gravitation and cosmology, quantum information, thermodynamics and statistics, laser physics and nonlinear dynamics, including chaos and quantum chaos. Generally the papers are review articles with a detailed survey on relevant publications, but original papers of general interest are also published.